If you are pondering over this question, “how to get back with my ex girlfriend” please understand that this is a very delicate situation. Feelings may be badly hurt on both ends and anything that you may do now or not do may cause even more hurt.
Read more on How to Get Back With My Ex Girlfriend – 5 Steps That Will Not Fail You…
The fact that you are asking this question, “can I get my ex girlfriend back?” shows that the breakup probably was not serious enough to negate the chances of reconciliation altogether. You also probably have the hope that she feels the same way about the relationship. If you have hurt her intentionally or unintentionally and you know it, it is time to say you are sorry. Being sorry and sincerely showing it is a very good first step to get back together with your ex girlfriend.
Read more on Can I Get My Ex Girlfriend Back By Being Sensitive Or By Making Her Jealous?…
The fact that you are asking this question, “can I get my ex girlfriend back?” shows that the breakup probably was not serious enough to negate the chances of reconciliation altogether. You also probably have the hope that she feels the same way about the relationship. If you have hurt her intentionally or unintentionally and you know it, it is time to say you are sorry. Being sorry and sincerely showing it is a very good first step to get back together with your ex girlfriend.
Read more on Can I Get My Ex Girlfriend Back By Being Sensitive Or By Making Her Jealous?…
There are times when your relationship suddenly falls apart and either one or both of you may doubt whether it is all over especially if the relationship is new. Some men simply cannot reconcile to the fact that their girlfriend dumped them and so they hope to get back with their girlfriend again. If you are asking, “How can I get back together with my ex girlfriend”, it is important to plan your moves ahead.
Read more on How Can I Get Back Together With My Ex Girlfriend – Nothing Is Impossible…
Relationships are delicate and need to be nurtured with loving dedication to make them grow strong. Sadly, everything is not as rosy as we would like it to be. When relationships are broken, they drain us of all our emotions, feelings, ability to think clearly and in acute cases, even our physical well being.
Read more on Get Back at Your Ex – 5 Ideas…
Have you just gone through a break up? Are you thinking how to get an ex back? Many people experience some sort of a break up but most of them just concentrate on moving on rather than searching for a way to get an ex back. If you are not a part of that league and you want to work towards how to get an ex back, then here are some tips for you. Does a break up mean that there are no chances of getting back together with your ex?
Read more on How To Get An Ex Back – Know What You Are Doing…
As we get older, joint pain becomes more of an issue. This can mainly be due to the thinning of the cartilage and as a result arthitis begins to take a hold. Sure enough, we crave natural joint pain relief and strive to find that perfect solution that will allow us to carry on with our lives pain free. Below are some strategies to bring you that desired pain relief.
Features of China’s industrial development rolling start in the 20th century “Great Leap Forward” era, is accompanied by our precision machine tools, CNC machine tools, mechanical and electrical integration, product development and gradually grew up in an emerging industry in the 48 years of development history, has gone through three phases, was born three categories of enterprises. Into the 21st century, has entered the international market, manufacturing, industrialization, opportunities and challenges of the new era.
1. Trial, develop the initial stage (1959 ~ 1972)
According to China’s early development needs of CNC machine tools, Beijing Machine Tool Research Institute, Nanjing technological equipment factory, Tsinghua University and other units in the “Great Leap Forward” during trial out of China’s first set of ball screw. Followed by technical equipment factory in Nanjing in 1964, formed a ball screw our country’s first workshop, a few units to start small-batch production, to the early 70s, the country’s total output of ball screw is only a few thousand units. This phase is characterized by imitation products, non-uniform standards, technical backwardness, lack of quality control testing methods.
2. The growth stage (1973 ~ 1986)
In the former Ministry of Machine tools under the direct supervision bureau, was born in 1973, the first series of a size and quality of internal control standards, in 1982 China’s accession to the International Organization for Standardization Working Group under the ball screw (ISO/TC39/WG7), the same year the first batch of advent of new standards to make our products into the series by the small batch production, standardization, specialization mass production.
At the national policy of reform and opening up under the guidance of, by sending to the (Ministry of Machine Building in 1979 sent China’s first Expedition to Japan NSK internship), please come (has invited Japan, the United States, Germany, China and technological exchanges of experts), learning and learn from advanced foreign technology, and introduced a number of key equipment, and promoting the upgrading of the enterprise product and process levels. Machine Tool Research Institute in Beijing, the organization conducted under the ISO standard with the corresponding activities, and to track foreign technology developments. 1983, convened a “national ball screw research co-ordination would be.”
After the Beijing Machine Tool Research Institute, East China Engineering Institute, and other units completed the production and research with ball screw friction characteristics, transmission efficiency, rigidity, Coa, Ca, a preliminary study of life, but also successfully developed a new reverse curve of the new structure devices, the first generation of ball screw measuring instruments (including: lead, trip, dynamic measurement of torque), took over a group of “75″, “85″ key project.
States strongly supported the development of key enterprises, the Nanjing plant and process equipment Hanjiang Machine Tool Factory, Shandong Jining screw plant and other units to increase technical transformation, the expansion of production at the same time to develop a rolling Linear Guideway, Ball Spline, coordinate the work of Taiwan new products.
This industry research institutes and manufacturing enterprises to expand to 20 more than 10 million sets of annual production capacity of more than initially forming a small business. This stage is characterized by: between the units exchange of technology and information selfless, sincere cooperation, is the industry’s strongest period of cohesion, is the first of a planned economy era, the development of the climax.
3. Rapid expansion phase (1987 ~ 1999)
Features before rolling the Association of China Machine Tool Association was established in 1987, 1990, the National Standardization Technical Committee machine outside the host took the lead again in the addition of standard features scrolling branches. This marks the gradual maturity of the industry and rapid development. “Eighth Five-Year” period, the state will be rolling ball screw and linear guide as a key revitalization of the “ad hoc basis items” and stepped up the support of key backbone enterprises, the introduction of a number of advanced technology and equipment to improve the level of manufacturing technology .
Authority marked the organization, to develop a number of standards with international standards, in 1993 introduced the first set of linear rolling guide standards; in 1998 introduced the first set of international standards, ISO3408-1 ~ 3 integration of the ball screw deputy national standards (GB/T17587.1 ~ 3). Was born in the Standards Implementation in a number of large special test equipment (for example: JCS-014B, JCS-040, HJY028 and so on), so that specialized in the production of the product quality is improved. 1994 Guangdong Xinhui Kate establishment of the company so that our Linear Rolling Guide Youxiang starting point of professional production of a big step forward.
Huazhong University of Linear Rolling Guide in the basic theory, design calculations, performance tests, etc. have done a lot of work on improving product performance, quality, play an important role in promoting industrialization. Prior to this technological transformation has launched four enterprises to invest in production of this product. This phase of the national production of rolling functional components increased rapidly to 40 companies over more than 25% of annual output growth rate, the country’s production capacity of 25 million sets / year or more. Scroll feature association is established, the promotion of development of the industry played an important role.
On the one hand, in the formulation of development planning, promote the standards implementation, market prices, participating organizations, technology, business and other common problems of concern to a lot of work done; but the other hand gives the joint promotion of enterprise and suppress repeated investment, seems unable to blind launched and helplessness. This is our country from a planned economy to a market economy during the transition period of industrial development rolling features a second climax.
In the national industrial base, as well as the Northwest Machine Factory Ball Screw Factory, Shanghai China Heng rail Co., Ltd., Jining Machinery Co., Ltd. Zhuhai China, Guizhou and flat water, ball screws Co., Ltd., Shanxi Airlines Hongfeng Company essence Nantong, Jiangsu Rui Ante, among others.
My rolling feature industry has a comparative advantage in the following areas:
? tradition for several decades of experience in manufacturing precision thread in the thread grinding of laser feedback correction techniques, grating feedback auto-correction technology, CNC error smart compensation technology, lead, and stroke error auto-detection technology and equipment in areas such as China’s own intellectual property rights and at the international advanced level. Industry backbone enterprises of manufacturing precision ball screw 2m can be achieved within the latest international standards ISO3408-3-2006 in the P0-and P1 level, they use a measuring instrument with high precision. Almost no imports of such equipment in China.
? large rare and have a group of dedicated equipment such as: S7450 × 5m screw grinding machine, SK7450 × 10mCNC super screw grinding machine, SK7450 × 9mCNC long ball screw grinding machine, CNC rolling linear guides grinder (4m, 6m), CNC Medium Frequency Hardening Machine (6m, 8m), 5m, 8m water processing equipment, ball screw lead (travel) error measuring instrument, rolling Linear Guideway integrated precision measurement instrument and so on, this is our national treasures. Compared with overseas counterparts, China’s heavy-duty, long scroll feature in terms of production capacity or on a cost-effective and so possess a comparative advantage for China’s large-scale equipment in China has created very favorable conditions.
? key enterprises have their own roll Institute and R & D centers in recent years, technical innovation and new product R & D have made significant progress. For example: v = 50 ~ 70m/min, acceleration (0.5 ~ 1.0) g of high-speed precision ball screw and the comprehensive performance test equipment; planetary roller screw; fully electric injection molding machines with high-load ball screw; 12m Long ball screw; high rigidity linear guide roller pair; arc rolling guide; for nuclear power plant, warehouse space, missile flight guidance systems, processes and other special high-performance, high reliability, new products such as ball screw , which in some areas have been or are about to import substitution.
? scrolling feature of the green manufacturing has taken a welcome first step. For example: rolling ball screw and linear guide device is gradually reverse the cycle of material to promote province, the provincial workers, high efficiency, green manufacturing technology – MIM Metal Injection Molding; CNC thread milling cyclone technology and equipment are being hard-settled in China; GCr15 Steel 60HRC high-speed hard turning technology; maintenance-free self-lubricating-type scrolling feature new products and so on.
? rolling features of China’s production of labor, raw materials, far less than the cost of fixed assets abroad, has a cost advantage. The product after-sales services, foreign subject to geographical and language constraints, so we have a unique advantage.
Read more on Chinese scroll features history and prospects of development of the industry…
March 22, from the National Bureau of Statistics of China Industrial Information Issuing Center thirteenth "national market leader in sales of brand information briefing" on the understanding, 2008 Dairy After the shock, the domestic Dairy Overall market growth slowed down, but the pattern does not produce large changes in the domestic brands still hold the major market share, Mengniu Dairy sales of similar products in the country, sales leaped to the first of its liquid milk, Yogurt Sales for the first. 25, by the China Chamber of Commerce China National Commercial Information Centre, "National large-scale retail enterprises of major economic indicators and the major commodity sales information conference," published data showed that Mengniu liquid milk, yogurt, lactic acid Beverages And ice cream are the first. "For now Mengniu, the first is not important who is the market, the key is from the recent turmoil in serious reflection, lessons learned, carding business, and their own problems to be addressed, but also with an open mind to other dairy leader Enterprise Learning. " Mengniu Dairy Group President Yang Wenjun said the sales leader means more far-reaching responsibilities, Mengniu use a down of action, as consumers devote more quality Milk Products. The latest AC Nielsen data showed, in January Mengniu liquid milk sales in the domestic market in the lead, while sales of the dairy market, is also among the steady rebound.
National "School Milk Scheme" Experts Committee, the Chinese dairy co-advisor Jiang Jianping researchers pointed out that in recent years, the Chinese dairy industry in the rapidly developing at the same time, there have been some problems and worries. Dairy enterprises, especially large enterprises should learn from lessons learned, to be frank to consumers, out of a crisis of confidence, set foot on a harmonious and healthy development.
Jiang Jianping told reporters: "Restricting the development of China's dairy industry the most prominent problem is the milk." Key to solving this problem is that enterprises should grasp the leading dairy milk, feeding with the international advanced management mode, to enhance seed breeding system, using advanced standardization of raw milk collection system and detection management system, promote the process of the domestic dairy ranch. The construction of large scale farm, is the only way.
Previously, the focus of talk shows on private visits, reported that when dairy industry, Mengniu has Cooperation , Construction of nine 10,000 shares or more large-scale farm, raw milk from modern pasture accounted for 60% of Mengniu milk.
Recent controversial " OMP Storm ", so that dairy safety has once again caused the community great concern. Boao Forum for Asia Secretary-General Long pointed out that although the Ministry of Health and other departments of the United States six professional certification will ultimately identified OMP for safety, but the incident also revealed OMP, represented by Mengniu Dairy domestic product marketing, there are still impulsiveness, not to introduce, digest, absorb the international advanced technology and products that a good thing thoroughly good, strict management in the corporate giant with the world still have a certain gap. He said, actively introduce the most advanced dairy technology, for domestic consumers with world-quality high-quality milk products, is still the leading domestic dairy enterprises must bear the important responsibility is to promote scientific and technological innovation are still domestic milk industry's first drive.
"Like Chinese food imports of food and clothing problem can not be resolved through the same nourishing the 1.3 billion Chinese people can not rely on foreign milk, or the need for China's own leading enterprises," Long pointed out that compared with the transnational giants ratio of the domestic dairy companies Mengniu and other equipment and technology is not inferior, in order to create high-quality milk and laid a solid foundation. He also stressed that the dairy industry is saving food, efficient, high chain associated with the new sunrise industry. From the upper reaches of grass, cattle and downstream production, logistics, dairy development in improving national constitution, the development of circular economy, but also driven millions of farmers to become rich, providing millions of jobs are for the current financial crisis, job pressure of the Chinese economy, but also of vital importance. Want to Mengniu and other domestic dairy enterprises to draw lessons from the crisis, remove impetuous, strict management, steadily and surely contribute more outstanding products to consumers.
Recently, this reporter visited the site of several large-scale supermarkets and stores Beijing to see the dairy counter, like the scene has gradually warmer temperatures, presents "Indian summer" posture, Mengniu and other major brands of milk is still sold The best products, consumers have re-expressed in monetary votes of confidence on the Chinese dairy industry, while the sales market recovery has led the dairy industry recovery in the capital market, the major dairy giant's share price out of the wave good solid growth curve, reflecting the long-term capital market development potential of China's dairy industry expectations. Juan Lin
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History
EPs were released in various sizes in different eras. The earliest multi-track records were ca. 1919/20 vertically-cut 78 rpm discs issued by Grey Gull Records, known as “2-in-1″ records with finer-than usual grooves, like Edison Disc Records. By 1949, the 45 rpm single and 33 rpm LP were competing formats. 7″ 45 rpm singles had a maximum playing time of only four minutes per side.
Partly as an attempt to compete with the LP, introduced in 1948 by rivals Columbia Records, RCA Victor introduced “Extended Play” 45s in 1952. Its narrower grooves, achieved by lowering the cutting levels and, if required, compression, could hold up to 7.5 minutes per side but still be played by standard 45 rpm equipment. These were usually LPs split onto three 7″ EPs, either sold one at a time or in boxed sets. This practice became much less common with the advent of triple speed record players.
Some classical music albums released at the beginning of the LP era were also distributed as EP albums notably the seven operas that Arturo Toscanini conducted on radio between 1944 and 1954. These opera EPs, originally broadcast on NBC radio and issued by RCA which also owned NBC, were made available both in 45 RPM and 33 RPM. In the 1990s, they began appearing on compact disc. RCA also had success in the format with their top money earner, Elvis Presley, issuing 28 Elvis EPs between 1956 and 1967, many of which topped the separate Billboard EP chart during its brief existence.
During the 1950s, RCA released several EP albums of Walt Disney films, containing both the story and songs. These usually featured the original casts of the films. Each album contained two records, plus a fully illustrated booklet containing the complete text of the recording, so that children could follow along. Some of the titles included Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, Pinocchio and what was then a recent release, the 1954 version of 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea. The case of 20,000 Leagues was highly unusual in that, not only did it not use the film’s cast but years later, a 12-inch 33 RPM album of the film, with nearly the identical script and yet another totally different cast, was issued by Disneyland Records in conjunction with the 1963 re-release of the film.
In the 1950s and 1960s, EPs were usually compilations of singles or album samplers and were typically played at 45 rpm recordings on 7in (18 cm) discs, with two songs on each side. Other than those issued by RCA, EPs were relatively uncommon in the US but were widely issued in the UK and other European countries during the fifties and sixties. From November 1967, EPs were included in the UK singles chart. The first EP to benefit from this was The Beatles’ Magical Mystery Tour, a double-EP containing six songs from their TV film, Magical Mystery Tour, which reached #2 in the UK singles chart. After this time, the line between an EP and a ’single’ containing more than 2 tracks became more blurred.
In the Philippines, seven-inch EPs marketed as “mini-LPs” (but distinctly different to the Mini-LPs of the 1980s) were introduced in 1970, with tracks selected from an album and packaging resembling the album they were taken from. This Mini-LP format also became popular in the US in the early 1970s for promotional releases and for use in jukeboxes.
Stevie Wonder included a bonus 4-song EP in his 1976 double LP Songs in the Key of Life. In the 1970s and 1980s there was less standardization and EPs were made on 7″ (18 cm), 10″ or 12″ (30 cm) discs running either 33 or 45 rpm. Some novelty EPs used odd shapes and colors and a few were picture discs.
Alice in Chains is the first band to ever have an EP reach #1 on the Billboard album chart. The EP, Jar of Flies was released January 25, 1994. Linkin Park and Jay-Z’s collaboration EP, Collision Course, was the next and latest to have reached the #1 spot after Alice in Chains.
In 2010, Warner Bros. Records revived the format with their “Six-Pak” offering of six songs on a Compact Disc.
Defining “EP”
The first EPs were 7-inch vinyl records with more tracks than a normal single (typically 4 to 6). Although they shared size and speed with singles, they were a recognisably different format to the 7″ single. Although they could be named after a lead track, they were generally given a title. Examples include The Beatles’ The Beatles’ Hits EP from 1963, and The Troggs’ Troggs Tops EP from 1966, both of which collected previously-released tracks. The playing time was generally between 10 and 15 minutes. They also came in picture sleeves at a time when singles were usually issued in paper company sleeves. EPs tended to be album samplers or collections of singles. EPs of all original material began to appear in the 1960s. An example is The Kinks’ Kinksize Session EP from 1964.
In the 1970s, ‘Maxi-Singles’, usually containing three reissued tracks became popular such as Jimi Hendrix’s “Voodoo Chile” from 1971 and David Bowie’s “Space Oddity”, a single from 1969 which was reissued in 1975 in RCA’s Maxi-Million series, both of which reached #1 in the UK. The 12-inch single was introduced in 1977, and commonly had extended or additional tracks compared to the 7-inch release. The first available 12-inch single was actually of reissued material. It contained 3 tracks and was by The Who. The tracks were “Substitute” in side 1, “Pictures of Lily” and “I’m a Boy” in the side 2. It was issued on the Polydor label. 12-inch EPs were similar, but generally had between 3 and 5 tracks and had a length of over 12 minutes, and like 7-inch EPs were given titles. EP releases were also issued in cassette and 10-inch vinyl format. With the advent of the Compact disc, more music was often included on ’single’ releases, with 4 or 5 tracks being common, and playing times of up to 25 minutes.
EPs of original material regained popularity in the punk era, when they became commonly used for the release of new material, e.g. Buzzcocks’ Spiral Scratch EP, which featured four tracks.
Since, by the 1980s, most ’singles’ were available on formats with more than 2 tracks, the definition of an EP was not simply down to the number of tracks or playing time. An EP is typically seen as four (or more) tracks of equal importance (as opposed to a 4-track single with an obvious A-side and 3 B-sides).
In the UK, a release with more than four distinct tracks or with a playing time of more than 25 minutes is classified as an album for chart purposes.
Anomalies
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The Mars Volta ran into problems with their five-track album Frances the Mute before its release; the final 32-minute track, “Cassandra Gemini”, was divided into eight semi-arbitrary sections so the band would be paid an album’s wages rather than an EPs.[citation needed] Autechre decided to name one of their releases EP7 even though it contained 11 tracks and was over an hour long. On the other hand, Bob Dylan’s Nashville Skyline, Slayer’s Reign In Blood and Weezer’s The Green Album are not considered EPs even though they fall short of half an hour.
Some artists, especially in the days of vinyl, have released full-length albums that could fit the definition of a modern-day EP. Conversely, there are EPs that are long enough to be albums. Marilyn Manson’s Smells Like Children for example, which is 54 minutes long, Modest Mouse’s Interstate 8, which is 55 minutes long, and Estradasphere’s The Silent Elk of Yesterday clocks in at 74 minutes, as does Harbinger of Metal by Reverend Bizarre and The Bird and the Bee Sides by Relient K. This is particularly the case with the rare double EP, which contains two discs. The 5 track Tulimyrsky EP by Finnish Viking Metal band Moonsorrow is counted as an EP even though it clocks in at 1:08:18 (the title track alone is 30 minutes long) simply because it contains two cover versions; “For Whom The Bell Tolls” by Metallica and “Back To North” by Merciless. Dream Theater’s “EP” A Change of Seasons is an EP by name only; it clocks in at 57:31, making it album length, but it consists of one studio song (A Change of Seasons) and four live tracks.
There are also some EPs which are even shorter than the standard single. It has become customary in recent years for new bands to release their first release nominally as an “EP” to give it grander connotations than a single. By giving the release a unique name (as opposed to it being named after the lead track on the CD) the band can garner more attention for the other tracks on the CD. Using the example of Arctic Monkeys, by calling their first release Five Minutes with Arctic Monkeys rather than Fake Tales of San Francisco (the first track on the CD) they also put the second track “From The Ritz to the Rubble” in the limelight. Thus, Five Minutes With Arctic Monkeys is more akin to a double-A side than a standard EP. Subsequently, similar releases by other new bands could be described as “triple-A sides” or even “quadruple-A sides”.
The 7-inch EP in punk rock
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The first recordings released by many punk rock bands were released in 7-inch EP format, mainly because the short song nature of the genre made it difficult to create sufficient material to fill an LP. Many such bands also were unsigned, or signed to a minor record label that did not have the funds to release a full length album, particularly by newly formed bands. As many record stores would not sell demo tapes, the 7-inch EP became a standard release for punk rock bands, who could sell them cheaply nationwide, and thus be heard beyond the areas where they performed. These records would vary in length, having anywhere from 2 to as many as 10 or more songs (4 being somewhat of a standard), and occasionally recorded at 33 rpm to lengthen running time (outside of punk rock many people refer to any 7-inch record as a “45″, as it has been the standard speed for such records). Some of these recordings would qualify as singles, although this term was sometimes eschewed as being a mainstream design for determining commercial airplay, which did not apply to the vast majority of such bands. The term “single” also had a way of being somewhat dismissive of any tracks other than the primary one, relegating them to B-sides, when many bands, having a 7-inch record as their most significant release, would put all their best songs on the recording. Using the term EP in such cases would be considered technically incorrect, as they were not “extended”, and the term “7-inch” became a standard. For bands that went on to achieve commercial success, it was often customary for the original EP tracks to be released later on full-length albums, or to be somehow re-issued in another format.
The split 7-inch EP has also been a widespread feature in the genre, in which two bands would release such a record together, each performing on one side. This was a way to cut costs, particularly for self-released EPs, and was often used as a way for a more established band to help promote a promising newer act. Alternately, two bands with friendly relations with each other would release split EPs together. In some countries, split EPs are also used by major record labels to promote two new albums by wholly different artists, usually in the form of radio promos.
In cases where a band has too much content to fit on a 7-inch platter, but not enough for an LP, 10-inch and 12-inch records were utilized, usually at the 45 rpm speed more popular among dance music. Some more modern punk bands have also put out novelty 5-inch records, though due to a very short playing time and higher production cost than 7-inch discs, they are rare and usually utilized by bands with extremely fast songs.
Jukebox EP
Filben Maestro Juke box note: 78 RPM player only
In the 1960s and 1970s, record companies released EP versions of long play (LP) albums for use in jukeboxes. These were commonly known as “compact 33s” or “little LPs”. They played at 33 rpm, were pressed on 7-inch vinyl and frequently had as many as 6 songs. What made them EP-like was the fact that some songs were omitted for time purposes, and the tracks deemed the most popular were left on. Unlike most EPs before them and most 7-inch vinyl in general (pre-1970s) these were issued in stereo.
See also
Concept EP
Double EP
Extra Long Play (VCR format)
Gramophone record
Long Play
References
^ a b c d e f g h i Strong, Martin C. (2002). The Great Rock Discography, 6th edn.. Canongate. ISBN 1-84195-312-1.
^ Official UK Charts Singles Rules
^ a b Official Rules For Chart Eligibility Albums
^ Shuker, Roy (2005). “Singles; EPs”. Popular Music: The Key Concepts. Routledge. pp. 246,. ISBN 041534770X. http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=gtTMpYXhh7wC.
^ Salazar, Oskar (1970) “Philippines Gets First Mini-LP”, Billboard, 13 June 1970, p. 80-81
^ “7-in. LP Growing Concept”, Billboard, 25 March 1972, p. 39
^ Deborah Evans Price (2010-02-03). “Another Body Blow For Albums: Warner To Launch New Six-Pak Format”. Billboard. http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/content_display/industry/e3i0ff61901827d0c7f480e6534ca117a3d. Retrieved 2010-02-03.
Categories: EPs | Album types | Audio storage | Recorded musicHidden categories: Wikipedia articles needing copy edit from February 2010 | All articles needing copy edit | Articles needing additional references from March 2008 | All articles needing additional references | All articles with unsourced statements | Articles with unsourced statements from March 2008 | Articles needing additional references from June 2009
2008, the overall deterioration of the international financial crisis spread to the real economy. The world economy going? Reporter recently interviewed the World Bank Vice President and Chief Economist, International Monetary Fund (IMF) chief economist Olivier Blanchard (OliverBlanchard) and the leading U.S. think tanks?? International Economic Research Institute Fred? Bergsten (FredBergstan) 3 international reputation of economists, listen to them freely about the world economic trends. Appears in Lin Yifu, the World economic outlook worrisome, but not As emerging economies into recession, if effective global response to world economic growth will likely "U" shaped turn, and in 2010 recovered. It is also recognized by Blanchard, in his view, there is no "magic bullet" can pass rule to the current crisis, conditions in different countries should take the responses fit. He stressed that the outlook is not optimistic, but the second half of 2009, the world economy is expected to turnaround.
Bergsten believes that the current economic situation, as a world economic power in the United States and China must strengthen coordination and Cooperation He thus proposed the two groups (G2) theory, urged the two countries established a higher level, closer interaction mechanism, the two leaders can meet regularly.
Possible "U"-type transition
Found under the authority of the agency, the U.S. economy was in recession in December 2007, while Germany, Japan and other developed economies are also struggling early in the recession.
From the global economic perspective, the academic community generally that if the economic growth rate below 3%, which is the global recession. According to the IMF and World Bank data, global recession also be expected, China, India, Russia and other emerging economies, growth will slow sharply. Despite the clear rejection of the economic outlook forecast Blanchard is also prudent that if countries are to take positive measures to cope with the world economy will turnaround in the second half of 2009.
"U.S. house prices is the initiator of the crisis, one of the second half of 2009, the price will be picked up." He said, In addition, the financial institutions to leverage the issue to the end of 2009 will also end Banks will also be willing to loan, the financial crisis will be coming to an end.
"We now forecast that the first half of 2009, the U.S. economy will register a negative growth, but the second half of slight growth occurs." He said. With the U.S. economy out of its predicament, the world economy a new dawn.
Lin Yifu, however, that although the overall pessimistic economic outlook for the world, but the national situation is controversial. "Although the United States and Europe will continue to put all the unprecedented rescue operation, but whether it can restore confidence in the market remains to be seen … … a recession, but they inevitably will." Lin Yifu
but also to judge, on the global economy as a whole, if the countries to strengthen cooperation in the world economy will be in the coming year through the current crisis, a new dawn. "If we can act together, the world economic growth will likely 'U' shaped turn, and a recovery in 2010." What a breakthrough deal with the crisis
For many economies, the most pressing problem is how to overcome the current crisis and prevent the economy into deep recession. Lin Yifu that in the present case, if there is room for fiscal stimulus, States should take to stimulate economic plan, increase in infrastructure, education and health sector investment, promote economic growth.
Different national circumstances, investment while similar, but must pay attention to different ways and effects. Lin Yifu of the view that developed countries, the need to prevent the large-scale Japanese investment in the 90's poor performance in the lesson. Lin Yifu
in view, to stimulate the economy, developed countries can not invest for investment, but need to find appropriate areas of need bottleneck, in this way can the long-term economic growth.
Read more on World economy or the current "U"…
Fuyang is the hometown paper of reform and opening up, Fuyang Paper can be more healthy and rapid development, becoming one of the pillar industries in Fuyang City. In 2004, the China Federation of Industrial Economics has been recognized as “China’s paperboard base.” In September 2007, by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Institute of Industrial Economics identified as “China’s industrial clusters PARKnSHOP.” In recent years, Chunjiang, large sources, the paper industry lingqiao three functional areas to implement unified planning and pollution control, unified management, the development of Fuyang Paper to lay a solid foundation.
Fuyang paper actively respond to the international economic crisis
30 years, clustering development in Fuyang paper, to form a regional characteristics, functions supporting industrial groups; concentration of pollution control, remove the focus of pollution control areas hat; greater changes could be made to accelerate the restructuring of the industry; increase investment and equipment modification, to further enhance the level of industrial technology, paper industry has become one of the pillar industries in Fuyang.
In 2008, by the international economic crisis, Fuyang City, the paper industry experienced a market “ups and downs” in a severe test. In the municipal government under the correct leadership at all levels and departments of the concern and support, Fuyang City, the paper industry associations around the central work, the efforts of the vast number of paper-making enterprises for the actual paper Fuyang, adopt a positive effective response measures to improve the confidence in the market to ensure normal production and sales.
Last year, from January to November, the city’s above-scale enterprises to complete 341 total sales of 18.33 billion yuan, growing 20.14% over the same period the previous year. Real tax payments 790 million yuan, increase 28.6% over the same period the previous year. A profit of 670 million yuan, increased by 15.1% over the previous year.
To speed up transformation and upgrading, started the “China paperboard base” Brand
This year, Fuyang paper, in order to withstand the economic crisis, restructuring to enhance the development go hand in hand. To this end, the right to mention good quality and energy-saving emission reduction efficiency, integrate resources and to upgrade the industry, supporting major supporting the superior and the limit of small and eliminating the inferior, government guidance and the main enterprises on the basis of a combination of articles, this year will accelerate the paper industry structural adjustment and the deadline for phasing out of low small, paper-making enterprises. In accordance with total control, which provides quality efficiency and increasing production without increasing pollution, increasing production to abatement requirements, to encourage enterprises through joint reorganization, a large-scale; through technical transformation, improving the outdated equipment and technology, extend the industrial chain, enhance their competitiveness.
A batch of products with low-grade, small-scale enterprises, technology backward scattered layout and the concentration and the total amount of pollutant discharge does not discharge standards of the paper production line (enterprises), focusing on that white board annual production capacity of 10,000 tons of paper below the thin paper years production capacity of 3000 tons (function outside the region of 4000 tons) The following paper production line, resolutely closed down or eliminated in order to accelerate the transformation of the paper industry to upgrade and enhance sustainable development capacity, devising a “China paperboard base” brand.
Read more on Fuyang started “China paperboard base” Brand…
xi
St. xi China (Sunseeker China) has announced that the company sold to the Want Want Group, a St. xi (Sunseeker) 80 foot luxury yacht. Luxury Yacht 24.44 m long ship, bought by the Want Want Group Chairman Mr. Cai.
Want Want is a group company with 40 years of history, China is already widely known in the well-known brand, was the world's authoritative financial magazine Forbes Global Selection for the global turnover of 500 million dollars less the forefront of the business best. Has ordered two business jets for the Want Want Group, to buy a luxury yacht naturally early in the planning. With the domestic yacht supporting infrastructure and environment matures, Want Want Group before deciding to buy a lot of the inspection tour boat, the more the characteristics of major global brand, style and service, Want Want chose Sunseeker the UK brand. Sunseeker yachts in addition to their classic elegance, luxury and luxurious style of England, under the leadership of the CEO Traugott Kaminski St. xi 7 years in the Chinese market China market experience, excellent service team, and offers the concept of comprehensive support services Want Want is an important reason to choose Sunseeker.
No. 1 St. xi since arriving in China after 80 feet, attracting the same customers Lively. This all came to see this yacht customers must ship full of praise. Want Want Group chairman Mr Choy is also in the fly to Sanya, personally, after reading this boat was immediately set the contract. Mr. Kaminski is very emotion, "This transaction gave me even more convinced that private planes and private yachts have become the new status symbol. Want Want Group orders of great significance to us, which speaks for our customers St. xi trust the Chinese team. Our customers are connected, they often introduce their friends to buy our yacht, St. xi service between them have built a good reputation. "
St. xi offer customers in China, including sales, transportation, importation, maintenance, and master a set of comprehensive services, services. As of April, 2010, St. xi China has sold out seven large luxury yachts.
Read more on Want Want Group to buy 80…
Early life
Newman was born in Shaker Heights, Ohio (a suburb of Cleveland), the son of Theresa (ne Fetzer or Fetsko; Slovak: Terzia Feckov) and Arthur Samuel Newman, who ran a profitable sporting goods store. Newman’s father was Jewish, the son of immigrants from Poland and Hungary; Newman’s mother, who practiced Christian Science, was born to a Slovak Roman Catholic family at Ptiie (formerly Pticsie) in the former Austriaungary (now in Slovakia). Newman had no religion as an adult, but described himself as “a Jew”, stating that “it’s more of a challenge”. Newman’s mother worked in his father’s store, while raising Paul and his brother, Arthur, who later became a producer and production manager.
Newman showed an early interest in the theater, which his mother encouraged. At the age of seven, he made his acting debut, playing the court jester in a school production of Robin Hood. Graduating from Shaker Heights High School in 1943, he briefly attended Ohio University in Athens, Ohio, where he was initiated into the Phi Kappa Tau fraternity.
Military service
Newman served in the United States Navy in World War II in the Pacific theater. Newman enrolled in the Navy V-12 program at Ohio University, hoping to be accepted for pilot training, but was dropped when it was discovered he was color blind. He was sent instead to boot camp and then received further training as a radioman and gunner. Qualifying as a rear-seat radioman and gunner in torpedo bombers, in 1944, Aviation Radioman Third Class Newman was sent to Barber’s Point, Hawaii. He was subsequently assigned to Pacific-based replacement torpedo squadrons (VT-98, VT-99, and VT-100). These torpedo squadrons were responsible primarily for training replacement pilots and combat air crewmen, placing particular importance on carrier landings.
He later flew from aircraft carriers as a turret gunner in an Avenger torpedo bomber. As a radioman-gunner, he served aboard the USS Bunker Hill during the Battle of Okinawa in the spring of 1945. He was ordered to the ship with a draft of replacements shortly before the Okinawa campaign, but by a fluke of war, was held back because his pilot had an ear infection. The rest of his detail died.
After the war, he completed his degree at Kenyon College in Gambier, Ohio, graduating in 1949. Newman later studied Drama at Yale University, graduating in 1954, and later studying under Lee Strasberg at the Actors’ Studio in New York City.
Oscar Levant wrote that Newman initially was hesitant to leave New York for Hollywood: “Too close to the cake,” he reported him saying, “Also, no place to study.”
Career
Early work
Newman made his Broadway theater debut in the original production of William Inge’s Picnic with Kim Stanley. He later appeared in the original Broadway productions of The Desperate Hours and Sweet Bird of Youth with Geraldine Page. He would later star in the film version of Sweet Bird of Youth, which also starred Page.
His first movie for Hollywood was The Silver Chalice (1954), followed by acclaimed roles in Somebody Up There Likes Me (1956), as boxer Rocky Graziano; Cat on a Hot Tin Roof (1958), opposite Elizabeth Taylor; and The Young Philadelphians (1959), with Barbara Rush and Robert Vaughn. However, predating all of these above was a small but notable part in an August 8, 1952 episode of the science fiction TV series Tales of Tomorrow entitled “Ice from Space”, in which he played Sergeant Wilson, his first credited TV or film appearance.
In February 1954, Newman appeared in a screen test with James Dean, directed by Gjon Mili, for East of Eden (1955). Newman was testing for the role of Aron Trask, Dean for the role of Aron’s fraternal twin brother Cal. Dean won his part, but Newman lost out to Richard Davalos. The same year, Newman co-starred with Eva Marie Saint and Frank Sinatra in a live nd color elevision broadcast of Our Town, a musical adaptation of Thornton Wilder’s stage play with the same name. Newman was a last-minute replacement for James Dean. In 2003, Newman acted in a remake of Our Town, taking on the role of the stage manager.
Major films
Newman was one of the few actors who successfully made the transition from 1950s cinema to that of the 1960s and 1970s. His rebellious persona translated well to a subsequent generation. Newman starred in Exodus (1960), The Hustler (1961), Hud (1963), Harper (1966), Hombre (1967), Cool Hand Luke (1967), The Towering Inferno (1974), Slap Shot (1977), and The Verdict (1982). He teamed with fellow actor Robert Redford and director George Roy Hill for Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid (1969) and The Sting (1973).
He appeared with his wife, Joanne Woodward, in the feature films The Long, Hot Summer (1958), Rally ‘Round the Flag, Boys!, (1958), From the Terrace (1960), Paris Blues (1961), A New Kind of Love (1963), Winning (1969), WUSA (1970), The Drowning Pool (1975), Harry & Son (1984), and Mr. and Mrs. Bridge (1990). They both also starred in the HBO miniseries Empire Falls, but did not have any scenes together.
In addition to starring in and directing Harry & Son, Newman also directed four feature films (in which he did not act) starring Woodward. They were Rachel, Rachel (1968), based on Margaret Laurence’s A Jest of God, the screen version of the Pulitzer Prize-winning play The Effect of Gamma Rays on Man-in-the-Moon Marigolds (1972), the television screen version of the Pulitzer Prize-winning play The Shadow Box (1980), and a screen version of Tennessee Williams’ The Glass Menagerie (1987).
Twenty-five years after The Hustler, Newman reprised his role of “Fast” Eddie Felson in the Martin Scorsese-directed The Color of Money (1986), for which he won the Academy Award for Best Actor. He told a television interviewer that winning an Oscar at the age of 62 deprived him of his fantasy of formally being presented with it in extreme old age.
Last works
In 2003, he appeared in a Broadway revival of Wilder’s Our Town, receiving his first Tony Award nomination for his performance. PBS and the cable network Showtime aired a taping of the production, and Newman was nominated for an Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Miniseries or TV Movie.
His last screen appearance was as a conflicted mob boss in the 2002 film Road to Perdition opposite Tom Hanks, although he continued to provide voice work for films. In keeping with his strong interest in car racing, he provided the voice of Doc Hudson, a retired race car in Disney/Pixar’s Cars. Similarly, he served as narrator for the 2007 film Dale, about the life of the legendary NASCAR driver Dale Earnhardt, which turned out to be Newman’s final film performance in any form. Newman also provided the narration for the film documentary The Meerkats, released in 2008.
Retirement from acting
Newman announced that he would entirely retire from acting on May 25, 2007. He stated that he did not feel he could continue acting at the level he wanted to. “You start to lose your memory, you start to lose your confidence, you start to lose your invention. So I think that’s pretty much a closed book for me.”
Philanthropy
With writer A.E. Hotchner, Newman founded Newman’s Own, a line of food products, in 1982. The brand started with salad dressing, and has expanded to include pasta sauce, lemonade, popcorn, salsa, and wine, among other things. Newman established a policy that all proceeds, after taxes, would be donated to charity. As of early 2006, the franchise has donated in excess of $250 million. He co-wrote a memoir about the subject with Hotchner, Shameless Exploitation in Pursuit of the Common Good. Among other awards, Newman’s Own co-sponsors the PEN/Newman’s Own First Amendment Award, a $25,000 reward designed to recognize those who protect the First Amendment as it applies to the written word. His daughter, Nell Newman, took the helm of the company with his death.
One beneficiary of his philanthropy is the Hole in the Wall Gang Camp, a residential summer camp for seriously ill children, which is located in Ashford, Connecticut. Newman co-founded the camp in 1988; it was named after the gang in his film Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid (1969). Newman’s college fraternity, Phi Kappa Tau, adopted Hole in the Wall as their “national philanthropy” in 1995. One camp has expanded to become several Hole in the Wall Camps in the U.S., Ireland, France, and Israel. The camps serve 13,000 children every year, free of charge.
In June 1999, Newman donated $250,000 to Catholic Relief Services to aid refugees in Kosovo.
On June 1, 2007, Kenyon College announced that Newman had donated $10 million to the school to establish a scholarship fund as part of the college’s current $230 million fund-raising campaign. Newman and Woodward were honorary co-chairs of a previous campaign.
Paul Newman was one of the founders of the Committee Encouraging Corporate Philanthropy (CECP), a membership organization of CEOs and corporate chairpersons committed to raising the level and quality of global corporate philanthropy. Founded in 1999 by Newman and a few leading CEOs, CECP has grown to include more than 175 members and, through annual executive convenings, extensive benchmarking research, and best practice publications, leads the business community in developing sustainable and strategic community partnerships through philanthropy.
Newman was named the Most Generous Celebrity of 2008 by Givingback.org. He contributed $20,857,000 for the year of 2008 to the Newman’s Own Foundation, which distributes funds to a variety of charities.
Marriages and family
Newman was married twice. He was married to Jackie Witte from 1949 to 1958. They had a son, Scott (1950), and two daughters, Susan Kendall (1953) and Stephanie. Scott Newman, who died in November 1978 from an accidental drug overdose, appeared in the films Breakheart Pass, The Towering Inferno, and the 1977 film Fraternity Row. Paul Newman started the Scott Newman Center for drug abuse prevention in memory of his son.
Susan is a documentary filmmaker and philanthropist and has Broadway and screen credits, including a starring role as one of four Beatles fans in I Wanna Hold Your Hand (1978), and also a small role opposite her father in Slap Shot. She also received an Emmy nomination as co-producer of his telefilm, The Shadow Box. Newman had two grandsons.
Newman married actress Joanne Woodward on February 2, 1958. They had three daughters: Elinor “Nell” Teresa (1959), Melissa “Lissy” Stewart (1961), and Claire “Clea” Olivia (1965). Newman directed Elinor (stage name Nell Potts) in the central role alongside her mother in the film The Effect of Gamma Rays on Man-in-the-Moon Marigolds.
The Newmans lived away from the Hollywood environment, making their home in Westport, Connecticut. Paul Newman was well known for his devotion to his wife and family. When asked about infidelity, he famously quipped, “Why go out for hamburger when you have steak at home?”
Political activism
Newman at a political rally for Eugene McCarthy in 1968.
For his strong support of Eugene McCarthy in 1968 (and effective use of television commercials in California) and his strong opposition to the War in Vietnam, Newman was placed nineteenth on Richard Nixon’s enemies list, which he claimed was his greatest accomplishment.
Consistent with his work for liberal causes, Newman publicly supported Ned Lamont’s candidacy in the 2006 Connecticut Democratic Primary against Senator Joe Lieberman, and was even rumored as a candidate himself, until Lamont emerged as a credible alternative. He donated to Chris Dodd’s presidential campaign.
He attended the first Earth Day event in Manhattan on April 22, 1970. Newman was also a vocal supporter of gay rights, including same-sex marriage.
Auto racing
Newman was an avid auto racing enthusiast, and first became interested in motorsports (“the first thing that I ever found I had any grace in”) while training at the Watkins Glen Racing School for the filming of Winning, a 1969 film. Newman’s first professional event was in 1972, in Thompson, Connecticut, and he was a frequent competitor in Sports Car Club of America (SCCA) events for the rest of the decade, eventually winning several championships. He later drove in the 1979 24 Hours of Le Mans in Dick Barbour’s Porsche 935 and finished in second place. Newman reunited with Barbour in 2000 to compete in the Petit Le Mans.
24 Hours of Le Mans career
Participating years
1979
Teams
Dick Barbour Racing
Best finish
2nd (1979)
Class wins
1 (1979)
From the mid-1970s to the early 1990s, he drove for the Bob Sharp Racing team, racing mainly Datsuns (later rebranded as Nissans) in the Trans-Am Series. He became closely associated with the brand during the 1980s, even appearing in commercials for them. At the age of 70 years and 8 days, he became the oldest driver to be part of a winning team in a major sanctioned race, winning in his class at the 1995 24 Hours of Daytona. Among his last races were the Baja 1000 in 2004 and the 24 Hours of Daytona once again in 2005.
Newman initially owned his own racing team, which competed in the Can-Am series, but later co-founded Newman/Haas Racing with Carl Haas, a Champ Car team, in 1983. The 1996 racing season was chronicled in the IMAX film Super Speedway, which Newman narrated. He was also a partner in the Atlantic Championship team Newman Wachs Racing. Newman owned a NASCAR Winston Cup car, before selling it to Penske Racing, where it now serves as the #12 car.
Newman was inducted into the SCCA Hall of Fame at the national convention in Las Vegas, Nevada on February 21, 2009.
Illness and death
Newman was scheduled to make his professional stage directing debut with the Westport Country Playhouse’s 2008 production of John Steinbeck’s Of Mice and Men, but he stepped down on May 23, 2008, citing health issues.
In June 2008 it was widely reported that Newman, a former chain smoker, had been diagnosed with lung cancer and was receiving treatment at Sloan-Kettering hospital in New York City. Photographs taken of Newman in May and June showed him looking gaunt. Writer A.E. Hotchner, who partnered with Newman to start the Newman’s Own company in the 1980s, told the Associated Press that Newman told him about the disease about eighteen months prior to the interview. Newman’s spokesman told the press that the star was “doing nicely,” but neither confirmed nor denied that he had cancer. In August, after reportedly finishing chemotherapy, Newman told his family he wished to die at home. He died on September 26, 2008, aged 83, surrounded by his family and close friends. His remains were subsequently cremated after a private funeral service near his home in Westport.
Filmography, awards, and nominations
As actor
Year
Film
Role
Notes
1954
The Silver Chalice
Basil
1956
Somebody Up There Likes Me
Rocky Graziano
The Rack
Capt. Edward W. Hall Jr.
1957
The Helen Morgan Story
Larry Maddux
Until They Sail
Capt. Jack Harding
1958
The Long, Hot Summer
Ben Quick
The Left Handed Gun
Billy the Kid
Cat on a Hot Tin Roof
Brick Pollitt
Nominated – Academy Award for Best Actor
Nominated – BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role
Rally ‘Round the Flag, Boys!
Harry Bannerman
1959
The Young Philadelphians
Anthony Judson Lawrence
1960
From the Terrace
David Alfred Eaton
Exodus
Ari Ben Canaan
1961
The Hustler
Eddie Felson
BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role
Nominated – Academy Award for Best Actor
Nominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama
Paris Blues
Ram Bowen
1962
Sweet Bird of Youth
Chance Wayne
Nominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama
Hemingway’s Adventures of a Young Man
Ad Francis, ‘The Battler’
Nominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture
1963
Hud
Hud Bannon
Nominated – Academy Award for Best Actor
Nominated – BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role
Nominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama
A New Kind of Love
Steve Sherman
The Prize
Andrew Craig
1964
What a Way to Go!
Larry Flint
The Outrage
Juan Carrasco
1965
Lady L
Armand Denis
1966
Harper
Lew Harper
Torn Curtain
Prof. Michael Armstrong
1967
Hombre
John Russell
Cool Hand Luke
Luke Jackson
Nominated – Academy Award for Best Actor
Nominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama
1968
The Secret War of Harry Frigg
Pvt. Harry Frigg
1969
Winning
Frank Capua
Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid
Butch Cassidy
Nominated – BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role
1970
WUSA
Rheinhardt
1971
Sometimes a Great Notion
Hank Stamper
Once Upon a Wheel (1971 TV program)
Himself
Winner: World Television Festival Award,
Winner: Best International Sports Documentary
1972
Pocket Money
Jim Kane
The Life and Times of Judge Roy Bean
Judge Roy Bean
1973
The Mackintosh Man
Joseph Rearden
The Sting
Henry Gondorff
1974
The Towering Inferno
Doug Roberts
1975
The Drowning Pool
Lew Harper
1976
Silent Movie
Himself
Buffalo Bill and the Indians
William F. “Buffalo Bill” Cody
1977
Slap Shot
Reggie “Reg” Dunlop
1979
Quintet
Essex
1980
When Time Ran Out…
Hank Anderson
1981
Fort Apache, The Bronx
Murphy
Absence of Malice
Michael Colin Gallagher
Nominated – Academy Award for Best Actor
1982
Come Along with Me
TV
The Verdict
Frank Galvin
Nominated – Academy Award for Best Actor
Nominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama
1984
Harry & Son
Harry Keach
1986
The Color of Money
Fast Eddie Felson
Academy Award for Best Actor
Nominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama
1989
Fat Man and Little Boy
Gen. Leslie R. Groves
Blaze
Gov. Earl K. Long
1990
Mr. and Mrs. Bridge
Walter Bridge
1993
La Classe amricaine
Dave
in redubbed archive footage only
1994
The Hudsucker Proxy
Sidney J. Mussburger
Nobody’s Fool
Donald J. “Sully” Sullivan
Nominated – Academy Award for Best Actor
Nominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama
1998
Twilight
Harry Ross
1999
Message in a Bottle
Dodge Blake
2000
Where the Money Is
Henry Manning
2002
Road to Perdition
John Rooney
Nominated – Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor
Nominated – BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role
Nominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture
2003
Our Town
Stage Manager
Nominated – Emmy Award
2005
Empire Falls
Max Roby
Emmy Award; Golden Globe
Magnificent Desolation: Walking on the Moon 3D
Dave Scott
voice
2006
Cars
Doc Hudson/Hudson Hornet
voice
2007
Dale
Narrator
voice
2009
The Meerkats
Narrator
voice
As director or producer
Year
Film
Notes
1968
Rachel, Rachel
Golden Globe Award for Best Director – Motion Picture
Nominated – Academy Award for Best Picture
New York Film Critics Circle Award (best director)
1969
Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid
Co-executive producer (uncredited)
Winning
Co-executive producer (uncredited)
1970
WUSA
Co-producer
1971
Sometimes a Great Notion
Director and co-executive producer
They Might Be Giants
producer
1972
The Effect of Gamma Rays on Man-in-the-Moon Marigolds
Director and producer
The Life and Times of Judge Roy Bean
Co-executive producer (uncredited)
1980
The Shadow Box
Nominated – Emmy Award for Best Director for a Miniseries, Movie or Dramatic Special
1984
Harry & Son
Director and producer
1987
The Glass Menagerie
2005
Empire Falls
Producer, Nominated: Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Miniseries
Additional awards and honors
In addition to the awards Newman won for specific roles, he received an honorary Academy Award in 1986 for his “many and memorable and compelling screen performances” and the Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award for his charity work in 1994.
He received the Golden Globe New Star of the Year Actor award for The Silver Chalice (1957), the Henrietta Award World Film Favorite Male in 1964 and 1966 and the Cecil B. DeMille Award for Lifetime Achievement in 1984.
Newman won Best Actor at the Cannes Film Festival for The Long, Hot Summer and the Silver Bear at the Berlin Film Festival for Nobody’s Fool.
In 1968, Newman was named “Man of the Year” by Harvard University’s performance group, the Hasty Pudding Theatricals.
Newman Day has been celebrated at Kenyon College, Bates College, Princeton University, and other American colleges since the 1970s. In 2004, Newman requested that Princeton University disassociate the event from his name, due to the fact that he did not endorse the behaviors, citing his creation of the Scott Newman Centre in 1980, which is “dedicated to the prevention of substance abuse through education”.
Posthumously, Newman was inducted into the Connecticut Hall of Fame, and was honored with a 37 acre nature preserve in Westport named in his honor. He was also honored by the United States House of Representatives following his death.
Published work
Newman, Paul; Hotchner, A.E. Newman’s Own Cookbook. Simon & Schuster, 1998. ISBN 0684848325.
Newman, Paul; Hotchner, A.E. Shameless Exploitation in Pursuit of the Common Good. Doubleday Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0385508026.
See also
Newman Day
References
Notes
^ “Film Star Paul Newman dead at 83.” Reuters.com. September 27, 2008.
^ “Legendary Actor Paul Newman Dies at Age 83.” ABC News. September 27, 2008.
^ “Paul Newman dies at 83″. Cable News Network. CNN.com. 2008-09-27. http://www.cnn.com/2008/SHOWBIZ/Movies/09/27/paul.newman.dead/. Retrieved 2008-09-27.
^ “Persons With 5 or More Acting Nominations”. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. 03/2008. http://awardsdatabase.oscars.org/ampas_awards/help/helpMain.jsp?helpContentURL=statistics/indexStats.html. Retrieved 2008-12-30.
^ a b c d FAQs Newman’s Own.com.
^ Lax, Eric (1996). – Paul Newman: A Biography. – Atlanta, Georgia: Turner Publishing. – ISBN 1570362866.
^ a b Morella, Joe; Epstein, Edward Z. (1988). – Paul and Joanne: A Biography of Paul Newman and Joanne Woodward. – Delacorte Press. – ISBN 0440500044.
^ Paul Newman Biography (1925-). – FilmReference.com.
^ a b Ancestry of Paul Newman. – Genealogy.com.
^ Hamill, Denis. – “Paul Newman, A Big Gun at 73″. – Buffalo News. – March 7, 1998. – Retrieved: 2008-03-08
^ Ptiie Resum. – Obecn rad Ptiie
^ “Fallece el actor Paul Newman” Elmundo.es (27 September 2008)
^ Skow, John. – “Verdict on a Superstar”. – TIME. – December 6, 1982.
^ a b c d e f g h Paul Newman biography. – Tiscali.co.uk.com.
^ a b Paul Newman. – Biographies in Naval History. – Navy.mil.
^ Hastings, Max (2008). – Retribution: The Battle for Japan, 1944-45. – Random House. – ISBN 0307263517.
^ Levant, Oscar (1969). – The Unimportance of Being Oscar. – Pocket Books. – p.56. ISBN 0671771043.
^ “Ice From Space”. Tales of Tomorrow. 1952-08-08. No. 43, season 1.
^ Weiner, Ed; Editors of TV Guide (1992), The TV Guide TV Book: 40 Years of the All-Time Greatest Television Facts, Fads, Hits, and History (First Edition ed.), New York: Harper Collins, p. 118
^ King, Kyle (September 27, 2008). “Film Star Paul Newman Dies at 83″. Voice Of America (Voice Of America). http://www.voanews.com/english/archive/2008-09/2008-09-27-voa19.cfm. Retrieved 2008-09-27.
^ Paul Newman quits films after stellar career. News.com.au. May 27, 2007.
^ Hollywood star Newman to retire. BBC News. May 27, 2007.
^ “Paul Newman says he will die at home.” Herald Sun. August 9, 2008.
^ CNN – Incoming Kosovo refugees, outgoing U.S. donations – April 7, 1999
^ “Paul Newman donates $10 mln to Kenyon College”. Reuters. 2007-06-02. http://www.reuters.com/article/entertainmentNews/idUSN0238991920070602. Retrieved 2007-06-04.
^ CECP – Committee Encouraging Corporate Philanthropy
^ “The Giving Back 30″. The Giving Back Fund. 11-01-2009. http://www.givingback.org/Programs_Services/GivingBack30_2008.html. Retrieved 2009-11-04.
^ Clark, Hunter S. People. Time magazine. February 17, 1986.
^ Welcome. Scott Newman Center.org.
^ “Remembering Paul Newman.” People. September 27, 2008.
^ “Concern about Paul Newman’s health”. New York Daily News. 2008-03-12. http://www.nydailynews.com/gossip/2008/03/13/2008-03-13_concern_about_paul_newmans_health.html. Retrieved 2008-07-23.
^ “It’s an age-old quandary why do men, like dogs, stray?”. The Guardian. 2006-10-08. http://www.guardian.co.uk/lifeandstyle/2006/oct/08/familyandrelationships5. Retrieved 2008-07-23.
^
^ Dodd Gets Financial Boost From Celebs. WFSB.com. 17 Apr 2007.
^ Paul Newman an icon of cool masculinity
^ “XLVII Grand Prix d’Endurance les 24 Heures du Mans 1979″. Le Mans & F2 Register. 2008-05-02. http://www.formula2.net/1979.htm. Retrieved 2008-09-27.
^ “American Le Mans Series 2000″. World Sports Racing Prototypes. 2005-10-02. http://wsrp.ic.cz/alms2000.html#9. Retrieved 2008-09-27.
^ Vaughn, Mark (October 6, 2008), “Paul Newman 1925-2008″, AutoWeek 58 (40): 43
^ “International Motor Sports Association 1995″. World Sports Racing Prototypes. 2007-02-14. http://wsrp.ic.cz/imsa1995.html#1. Retrieved 2008-09-27.
^ “Grand-American Road Racing Championship 2005″. World Sports Racing Prototypes. 2005-12-17. http://wsrp.ic.cz/grandam2005.html#1. Retrieved 2008-09-27.
^ “Newman Leads List of New SCCA Hall of Fame Inductees”. Sports Car Club of America. 2008-12-03. http://www.scca.org/newsarticle.aspx?hub=6&news=3533. Retrieved 2009-03-13.
^ “Citing Health, Newman Steps Down as Director of Westport’s Of Mice and Men”. Playbill. 2008-05-23. http://www.playbill.com/news/article/118076.html. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
^ “Paul Newman has cancer”. – The Daily Telegraph. – June 9, 2008.
^ “Gaunt Paul Newman has ‘form of cancer,’ business partner says”. – Sun Journal. – June 12, 2008.
^ Christoffersen, John. “Longtime friend: Paul Newman has cancer”. Associated Press. June 11, 2008.
^ “Newman says he is ‘doing nicely’”. – BBC – BBC.com. – June 11, 2008.
^ AP. “Acting legend Paul Newman dies at 83″. msnbc. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/26913988/. Retrieved 2008-09-27.
^ Paul Newman, Hollywood legend, dies at 83
^ “Film star, businessman, philanthropist Paul Newman dies at 83.” Free Press.com. September 28, 2008.
^ Katz, Ivan. “Actor, Philanthropist, Race Car Driver Paul Newman Dies.” Chicago Examiner. September 27, 2008.
^ Hodge, Lisa. “Legend laid to rest in private family ceremony.” ahlanlive.com. Retrieved October 11, 2008.
^ Bernstein, Adam (September 27, 2008). “Academy-Award Winning Actor Paul Newman Dies at 83″. The Washington Post (The Washington Post Company). http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/09/27/AR2008092701222.html. Retrieved 2008-09-27.
^ “Binge drink ritual upsets actor”. BBC News. 2004-04-24. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/3652179.stm.
^ Cheng, Jonathan (2004-04-24). “Newman’s Day – forget it, star urges drinkers”. Sydney Morning Herald. http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2004/04/23/1082616331695.html.
Bibliography
Demers, Jenifer. Paul Newman: the Dream has Ended!. Createspace, 2008. ISBN 1440433232
Lax, Eric. Paul Newman: a Biography. Turner Publishing, Incorporated, 1999. ISBN 1-57036-286-6.
Morella, Joe; Epstein, Edward Z. Paul and Joanne: A Biography of Paul Newman and Joanne Woodward. Delacorte Press, 1988. ISBN 0440500044.
O’Brien, Daniel. Paul Newman. Faber & Faber, Limited, 2005. ISBN 057121987X.
Oumano, Elena. Paul Newman. St. Martin’s Press, 1990. ISBN 0-517-05934-7.
Quirk, Lawrence J. The Films of Paul Newman. Taylor Pub., 1986. ISBN 0-8065-0385-8.
Thomson, Kenneth. The Films of Paul Newman. 1978. ISBN 0-912616-87-3.
Further reading
Dherbier, Yann-Brice; and Verlhac, Pierre-Henri (2006). Paul Newman: A Life in Pictures. San Francisco, CA: Chronicle Books. ISBN 9780811857260. OCLC 71146543.
Godfrey, Lionel (1979, 1978). Paul Newman, Superstar: A Critical Biography. New York, NY: St. Martin’s Press. ISBN 9780312598198. OCLC 4739913.
Hamblett, Charles (1975). Paul Newman. Chicago, IL: H. Regnery. ISBN 9780809282364. OCLC 1646636.
Landry, J. C. (1983). Paul Newman. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 9780070361898. OCLC 9556372.
Lax, Eric (1996). Newman: Paul Newman, A Celebration. London, UK: Pavilion. ISBN 9781857937305. OCLC 37355715.
Lax, Eric (1996). Paul Newman: A Biography. Atlanta, GA: Turner Pub.. ISBN 9781570362866. OCLC 33667112.
Morella, Joe (1988). Paul and Joanne: A Biography of Paul Newman and Joanne Woodward. New York, NY: Delacorte Press. ISBN 9780440500049. OCLC 18016049.
Netter, Susan (1989). Paul Newman and Joanne Woodward. London, England: Piatkus. ISBN 9780861888696. OCLC 19778734.
O’Brien, Daniel (2004). Paul Newman. London, UK: Faber. ISBN 9780571219865. OCLC 56658601.
Oumano, Elena (1989). Paul Newman. New York, NY: St. Martin’s Press. ISBN 9780312026271. OCLC 18558929.
Quirk, Lawrence J. (1971). The Films of Paul Newman. New York, NY: Citadel Press. ISBN 0806502239. OCLC 171115.
Quirk, Lawrence J. (1996). Paul Newman. Dallas, TX: Taylor Pub. Co.. ISBN 9780878339624. OCLC 35884602.
Stern, Stewart (1989). No Tricks in My Pocket: Paul Newman Directs. New York, NY: Grove Press. ISBN 9780802111203. OCLC 18780705.
Demers, Jenifer (2008). Paul Newman: The Dream has Ended!. California: Createspace. ISBN 9781440433238.
External links
Wikinews has related news: Hollywood legend Paul Newman dies of cancer age 83
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Paul Newman
Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Paul Newman
Paul Newman at the Internet Movie Database
Paul Newman at the Internet Broadway Database
Paul Newman at Allmovie
Paul Newman at the TCM Movie Database
Paul Newman at Find a Grave
Newman/Haas/Lanigan Racing
Newman’s Own
Newman’s Own Foundation
Paul Newman image gallery at The Guardian
Paul Newman speaks at The American Ireland Fund Dinner Gala 2007 – video
Cinema Retro: Celebrating Paul Newman
Paul Newman bio at h2g2
Paul Newman slideshow at AMCtv.com
Awards for Paul Newman
v d e
Academy Award for Best Actor
Henry Fonda (1981) Ben Kingsley (1982) Robert Duvall (1983) F. Murray Abraham (1984) William Hurt (1985) Paul Newman (1986) Michael Douglas (1987) Dustin Hoffman (1988) Daniel Day-Lewis (1989) Jeremy Irons (1990) Anthony Hopkins (1991) Al Pacino (1992) Tom Hanks (1993) Tom Hanks (1994) Nicolas Cage (1995) Geoffrey Rush (1996) Jack Nicholson (1997) Roberto Benigni (1998) Kevin Spacey (1999) Russell Crowe (2000)
Complete List (19281940) (19411960) (19611980) (19812000) (2001resent)
v d e
Academy Awards Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award
Y. Frank Freeman (1956) Samuel Goldwyn (1957) Bob Hope (1959) Sol Lesser (1960) George Seaton (1961) Steve Broidy (1962) Edmond L. DePatie (1965) George Bagnall (1966) Gregory Peck (1967) Martha Raye (1968) George Jessel (1969) Frank Sinatra (1970) Rosalind Russell (1972) Lew Wasserman (1973) Arthur B. Krim (1974) Jules C. Stein (1975) Charlton Heston (1977) Leo Jaffe (1978) Robert Benjamin (1979) Danny Kaye (1981) Walter Mirisch (1982) M. J. Frankovich (1983) David L. Wolper (1984) Charles uddy Rogers (1985) Howard W. Koch (1989) Audrey Hepburn / Elizabeth Taylor (1992) Paul Newman (1993) Quincy Jones (1994) Arthur Hiller (2001) Roger Mayer (2005) Sherry Lansing (2007) Jerry Lewis (2009)
v d e
Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor – Miniseries or a Movie
Brian Cox (2001) Michael Moriarty (2002) Ben Gazzara (2003) Jeffrey Wright (2004) Paul Newman (2005) Jeremy Irons (2006) Thomas Haden Church (2007) Tom Wilkinson (2008) Ken Howard (2009)
Complete list: (19722000) (2001resent)
v d e
Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor Series, Miniseries or Television Film
Charles Durning (1990) Louis Gossett, Jr. (1991) Maximilian Schell (1992) Beau Bridges (1993) Edward James Olmos (1994) Donald Sutherland (1995) Ian McKellen (1996) George C. Scott (1997) Don Cheadle/Gregory Peck (1998) Peter Fonda (1999) Robert Downey, Jr. (2000) Stanley Tucci (2001) Donald Sutherland (2002) Jeffrey Wright (2003) William Shatner (2004) Paul Newman (2005) Jeremy Irons (2006) Jeremy Piven (2007) Tom Wilkinson (2008) John Lithgow (2009)
Complete List (1970-1989) (1990-2009)
v d e
Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Miniseries or Television Movie
Ral Juli (1994) Gary Sinise (1995) Alan Rickman (1996) Gary Sinise (1997) Christopher Reeve (1998) Jack Lemmon (1999) Brian Dennehy (2000) Ben Kingsley (2001) William H. Macy (2002) Al Pacino (2003) Geoffrey Rush (2004) Paul Newman (2005) Jeremy Irons (2006) Kevin Kline (2007) Paul Giamatti (2008) Kevin Bacon (2009)
v d e
1992 Kennedy Center Honorees
Lionel Hampton Paul Newman & Joanne Woodward Ginger Rogers Mstislav Rostropovich Paul Taylor
v d e
Films directed by Paul Newman
1960s
Rachel, Rachel (1968)
1970s
Sometimes a Great Notion (1970) The Effect of Gamma Rays on Man-in-the-Moon Marigolds (1972)
1980s
Harry & Son (1984) The Glass Menagerie (1987)
Persondata
NAME
Newman, Paul
ALTERNATIVE NAMES
Newman, Paul Leonard
SHORT DESCRIPTION
American actor, director
DATE OF BIRTH
January 26, 1925
PLACE OF BIRTH
Shaker Heights, Ohio, U.S.
DATE OF DEATH
September 26, 2008
PLACE OF DEATH
Westport, Connecticut, U.S.
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