If you are pondering over this question, “how to get back with my ex girlfriend” please understand that this is a very delicate situation. Feelings may be badly hurt on both ends and anything that you may do now or not do may cause even more hurt.
Read more on How to Get Back With My Ex Girlfriend – 5 Steps That Will Not Fail You…
The fact that you are asking this question, “can I get my ex girlfriend back?” shows that the breakup probably was not serious enough to negate the chances of reconciliation altogether. You also probably have the hope that she feels the same way about the relationship. If you have hurt her intentionally or unintentionally and you know it, it is time to say you are sorry. Being sorry and sincerely showing it is a very good first step to get back together with your ex girlfriend.
Read more on Can I Get My Ex Girlfriend Back By Being Sensitive Or By Making Her Jealous?…
The fact that you are asking this question, “can I get my ex girlfriend back?” shows that the breakup probably was not serious enough to negate the chances of reconciliation altogether. You also probably have the hope that she feels the same way about the relationship. If you have hurt her intentionally or unintentionally and you know it, it is time to say you are sorry. Being sorry and sincerely showing it is a very good first step to get back together with your ex girlfriend.
Read more on Can I Get My Ex Girlfriend Back By Being Sensitive Or By Making Her Jealous?…
Will decorate the city in the south tower to open our registration issued
Tianjin
Urban's second store. "Yesterday (Oct. 30), Wing-lok, head told reporters in a second store in the city have been selected, is beyond all expectation, and Paradise is not far away from the first store is still located in South Wing area, the original store will advise Walden made the first change of the door into the pot, an area of 6,000 square meters. This decision will allow South Building area gathered about six stores, appliance companies will be driven this into the protracted war.
Selected
hair is quite upset?
In fact, the Yongle and decorative board made the city has been negotiating for months the time, during Yongle leader told reporters reluctant to sign because of the prospect of this store have some concerns. Since this store is the northwest
States United States
And
Suning
South Building shop, while the southeast is the state of the United States, large stores, are only a few hundred meters away from the distance and Yongle This store is not self-evident position of disadvantage.
Teng hair decoration city two years ago the country had been on contact with the United States, once and
Dealers
Have reached consensus. But in the end the country entered the United States requested the town board made decorative, c. lot, because the resistance is not a hopeful business. Yongle also stationed in the location of the arguments raised appliance manufacturer, a manufacturer responsible for speculation: "Paradise is perhaps not find a good property." Reporter has learned, is now home appliance manufacturers to grab the property has been developed
Planning
Stage and
Real estate
Developers reached a point where an agreement entered into intention, household appliances have been very scarce resource properties.
Wing-lok said frankly kill three birds
Whether is quite upset, Wing-lok, head of the city to recognize as
Marketplace
The property is indeed very small, especially when their requirements for each store at least 5,000 square meters, it even scarcer. But the selection board made decorative Paradise City have their own
Strategy
Considered, on the one hand, Yongle Although the two stores are in South Tower area, but the difference between the two shops from more than two stations, the new Australian store the actual radiation is within the neighborhood of Central Link, the shop will be issued registration of radiation residential areas outside of Central Link, and each has a very powerful group of consumers rely on; the other hand, Wing-lok, the two shops south and the north country the U.S. can store Suning's south tower in the middle, and the two shops were their main stores, while large and medium stores the main source of Hexi shops scramble, in fact, it is kill three birds.
However, this store for the Wing-lok, head of China Su Ning said the United States a bad rating, but the statement from the private point of view, are not very optimistic.
South tower area will be bogged down fighting
From this year (2005) country store open to the Yongle U.S. South Tower, this place planted in two pieces, and south region has gathered six stores, four
Home appliance chain
Gome, Suning, Yongle, Dazhong did not fall, while the country of beauty and Paradise are the two stores, and south region into a quagmire war inevitable.
Industry analysis, due to various stores south building area are facing pincer attack and counter attack of the dual role will inevitably bring
Competition
The height of white-hot. As the six stores over the market capacity, but relatively high spending power in the region, any one appliance may be unwilling to give up business, so south tower area will be plunged into protracted war quagmire appliances.
Read more on South Building competitive appliance overload is inevitable quagmire war…
There are times when your relationship suddenly falls apart and either one or both of you may doubt whether it is all over especially if the relationship is new. Some men simply cannot reconcile to the fact that their girlfriend dumped them and so they hope to get back with their girlfriend again. If you are asking, “How can I get back together with my ex girlfriend”, it is important to plan your moves ahead.
Read more on How Can I Get Back Together With My Ex Girlfriend – Nothing Is Impossible…
Relationships are delicate and need to be nurtured with loving dedication to make them grow strong. Sadly, everything is not as rosy as we would like it to be. When relationships are broken, they drain us of all our emotions, feelings, ability to think clearly and in acute cases, even our physical well being.
Read more on Get Back at Your Ex – 5 Ideas…
Have you just gone through a break up? Are you thinking how to get an ex back? Many people experience some sort of a break up but most of them just concentrate on moving on rather than searching for a way to get an ex back. If you are not a part of that league and you want to work towards how to get an ex back, then here are some tips for you. Does a break up mean that there are no chances of getting back together with your ex?
Read more on How To Get An Ex Back – Know What You Are Doing…
As we get older, joint pain becomes more of an issue. This can mainly be due to the thinning of the cartilage and as a result arthitis begins to take a hold. Sure enough, we crave natural joint pain relief and strive to find that perfect solution that will allow us to carry on with our lives pain free. Below are some strategies to bring you that desired pain relief.
Description
China phenotype bitter melons
Sub-continent phenotype bitter melon
The herbaceous, tendril-bearing vine grows to 5 m. It bears simple, alternate leaves 412 cm across, with 37 deeply separated lobes. Each plant bears separate yellow male and female flowers.
The fruit has a distinct warty looking exterior and an oblong shape. It is hollow in cross-section, with a relatively thin layer of flesh surrounding a central seed cavity filled with large flat seeds and pith. Seeds and pith appear white in unripe fruits, ripening to red; they are not intensely bitter and can be removed before cooking. However, the pith will become sweet when the fruit is fully ripe, and the pith’s color will turn red. The pith can be eaten uncooked in this state, but the flesh of the melon will be far too tough to be eaten anymore. Red and sweet bitter melon pith is a popular ingredient in some southeast Asian salads. The flesh is crunchy and watery in texture, similar to cucumber, chayote or green bell pepper. The skin is tender and edible. The fruit is most often eaten green. Although it can also be eaten when it has started to ripen and turn yellowish, it becomes more bitter as it ripens. The fully ripe fruit turns orange and mushy, is too bitter to eat, and splits into segments which curl back dramatically to expose seeds covered in bright red pulp.
Bitter melon comes in a variety of shapes and sizes. The typical Chinese phenotype is 2030 cm long, oblong with bluntly tapering ends and pale green in color, with a gently undulating, warty surface. The bitter melon more typical of India has a narrower shape with pointed ends, and a surface covered with jagged, triangular “teeth” and ridges. Coloration is green or white. Between these two extremes are any number of intermediate forms. Some bear miniature fruit of only 610 cm in length, which may be served individually as stuffed vegetables. These miniature fruit are popular in Southeast Asia as well as India.
Bitter melon contains a bitter compound called momordicin that is said to have a stomachic effect.
Culinary uses
The lists in this article may contain items that are not notable, encyclopedic, or helpful. Please help out by removing such elements and incorporating appropriate items into the main body of the article. (September 2009)
A small green bitter melon (front) and a scoop of Okinawan gy chanpur stirfry (back)
Bitter gourd (boiled, drained, no salt)
Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz)
Energy
79 kJ (19 kcal)
Carbohydrates
4.32 g
Sugars
1.95 g
Dietary fiber
2.0 g
Fat
0.18 g
saturated
0.014 g
monounsaturated
0.033 g
polyunsaturated
0.078 g
Protein
0.84 g
Water
93.95 g
Vitamin A equiv.
6 g (1%)
Thiamine (Vit. B1)
0.051 mg (4%)
Riboflavin (Vit. B2)
0.053 mg (4%)
Niacin (Vit. B3)
0.280 mg (2%)
Vitamin B6
0.041 mg (3%)
Folate (Vit. B9)
51 g (13%)
Vitamin B12
0 g (0%)
Vitamin C
33.0 mg (55%)
Vitamin E
0.14 mg (1%)
Vitamin K
4.8 g (5%)
Calcium
9 mg (1%)
Iron
0.38 mg (3%)
Magnesium
16 mg (4%)
Phosphorus
36 mg (5%)
Potassium
319 mg (7%)
Sodium
6 mg (0%)
Zinc
0.77 mg (8%)
Percentages are relative to US recommendations for adults.
Source: USDA Nutrient database
A soft drink made from bitter melon, with a bitter melon mascot
Bitter melon is often used in Chinese cooking for its bitter flavor, typically in stir-fries (often with pork and douchi), soups, and also as tea.
It is very popular throughout India, where it is often prepared with potatoes and served with yogurt on the side to offset the bitterness, or used in sabji. It is stuffed with spices and then fried in oil, which is very popular in Punjabi cuisine. It is a popular food in Tamil Nadu and in the South Indian state of Kerala. They use it for making a dish called thoran mixed with grated coconut, theeyal and pachadi. This is one common medicinal food for diabetics. Popular recipes include curry, deep fry with peanuts (ground nuts), and ‘Pachi Pulusu’ ( ), a kind of soup made up of boiled Bitter Melon, fried onions and other spices.
In Pakistan bitter melon is available in the summertime, and is cooked with lots of onions. A traditional way to cook bitter melon curry is to peel off the skin and cut into thin slices. It is salted and exposed to direct sunlight for few hours to reduce its bitterness. After a few hours, its salty, bitter water is reduced by squeezing out the excess by hand. Then it’s rinsed with water a few times. Then fried in cooking oil, with onions also fried in another pan. When the onions have turned a little pink in color, the fried bitter melon is added to them. After some further frying of both the onions and bitter melon, red chili powder, turmeric powder, salt, coriander powder, and a pinch of cumin seeds are also added. A little water can be sprinkled while frying the spices to prevent burning. Then a good amount of tomato is added to the curry, with green chillies, according to taste. Now the pan is covered with a lid, heat reduced to minimum, the tomatoes reduce, and all the flavors blend together. The curry is stirred a few times (at intervals) during this covering period. After half an hour or so, the curry is ready to serve, with soft hot flatbreads (chappatis, ) and yogurt chutney. Another dish in Pakistan calls for whole, unpeeled bitter melon to be boiled and then stuffed with cooked ground beef. In this dish, it is recommended that the bitter melon be left ‘debittered’. It is served with either hot tandoori bread, naan, chappati, or with khichri (a mixture of lentils and rice).
Bitter melon is rarely used in mainland Japan, but is a significant component of Okinawan cuisine, and is credited with Okinawan life expectancies being higher than already long Japanese ones.
In Indonesia, bitter melon is prepared in various dishes, such as stir fry, cooked in coconut milk, or steamed.
In Vietnam, raw bitter melon slices consumed with dried meat floss and stuffed to make bitter melon soup with shrimp are popular dishes. Bitter melons stuffed with ground pork are served as a popular summer soup in the South. It is also used as the main ingredient of “stewed bitter melon”. This dish is usually cooked for the T holiday as its name: “bitter” reminds people not to forget or disrespect the poor living conditions experienced in the past. Vietnamese names for the plant include ‘muop dang’ (m g) in the North and ‘kho qua’ (kh qua) in the South.
It is prepared in various dishes in the Philippines, where it is known as Ampalaya. Ampalaya may also be stir-fried with ground beef and oyster sauce, or with eggs and diced tomato. A very popular dish from the Ilocos region of the Philippines, pinakbet, consists mainly of bitter melons, eggplant, okra, string beans, tomatoes, lima beans, and other various regional vegetables stewed with a little bagoong-based stock. The young shoots and leaves may also be eaten as greens; in the Philippines, where bitter melon leaves are commonly consumed, they are called dahon (leaves) ng ampalaya.
In Nepal bitter melon is prepared in various ways. Most prepare it as fresh achar (a type of pickle). For this the bitter gourd is cut into cubes or slices and sauted covered in little oil and a sprinkle of water. When it is softened and reduced, it is minced in a mortar with a few cloves of garlic, salt and a red or green pepper. Another way is the sauted version. In this, bitter gourd is cut in thin round slices or cubes and fried (sauteed) with much less oil and some salt, cumin and red chili. It is fried until the vegetable softens with hints of golden brown. It is even prepared as a curry on its own, or with potato; and made as stuffed vegetables.
Also very popular in Trinidad & Tobago (known locally as caraille, carilley, or additional spellings as pronounced). Usually sauteed with onion, garlic and scotch bonnet pepper until almost crisp.
A Malaysian-style bitter melon dish, cooked with sambal, onion, and red bird’s-eye chili peppers
Medicinal uses
Bitter melons being fried in Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Bitter melon has been used in various Asian traditional medicine systems for a long time . Like most bitter-tasting foods, bitter melon stimulates digestion. While this can be helpful in people with sluggish digestion, dyspepsia, and constipation, it can sometimes make heartburn and ulcers worse. The fact that bitter melon is also a demulcent and at least mild inflammation modulator, however, means that it rarely does have these negative effects, based on clinical experience and traditional reports.
Though it has been claimed that bitter melon bitterness comes from quinine, no evidence could be located supporting this claim. Bitter melon is traditionally regarded by Asians, as well as Panamanians and Colombians, as useful for preventing and treating malaria. Laboratory studies have confirmed that various species of bitter melon have anti-malarial activity, though human studies have not yet been published .
In Panama bitter melon is known as Balsamino. The pods are smaller and bright orange when ripe with very sweet red seeds, but only the leaves of the plant are brewed in hot water to create a tea to treat malaria and diabetes. The leaves are allowed to steep in hot water before being strained thoroughly so that only the remaining liquid is used for the tea.
Laboratory tests suggest that compounds in bitter melon might be effective for treating HIV infection . As most compounds isolated from bitter melon that impact HIV have either been proteins or glycoproteins lectins), neither of which are well-absorbed, it is unlikely that oral intake of bitter melon will slow HIV in infected people. It is possible oral ingestion of bitter melon could offset negative effects of anti-HIV drugs, if a test tube study can be shown to be applicable to people . In one preliminary clinical trial, an enema form of a bitter melon extract showed some benefits in people infected with HIV (Zhang 1992). Clearly more research is necessary before this could be recommended.
The other realm showing the most promise related to bitter melon is as an immunomodulator. One clinical trial found very limited evidence that bitter melon might improve immune cell function in people with cancer, but this needs to be verified and amplified in other research. If proven correct this is another way bitter melon could help people infected with HIV.
Folk wisdom has it that bitter melon helps to prevent or counteract type-II diabetes. A recent scientific study at the Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, India, has proved that bitter melon increases insulin sensitivity. Also, in 2007, the Philippine Department of Health issued a circular stating that bitter melon, as a scientifically validated herbal medicinal plant, can lower elevated blood sugar levels. The study revealed that a 100 milligram per kilo dose per day is comparable to 2.5 milligrams of the anti-diabetes drug Glibenclamide taken twice per day. Bitter melon is sold in the Philippines as a food supplement and marketed under the trade name Charantia. Charantia capsules and tea are being exported to the United States, Canada, Europe, Mexico, Japan, Korea, and parts of the Middle East.
Bitter melon transformed into capsule form and sold as a food supplement.
Bitter Melon contains four very promising bioactive compounds. These compounds activate a protein called AMPK, which is well known for regulating fuel metabolism and enabling glucose uptake, processes which are impaired in diabetics. “We can now understand at a molecular level why bitter melon works as a treatment for diabetes,” said David James, director of the diabetes and obesity program at the Garvan Institute of Medical Research in Sydney. “By isolating the compounds we believe to be therapeutic, we can investigate how they work together in our cells.”
Bitter melon contains a lectin that has insulin-like activity. The insulin-like bioactivity of this lectin is due to its linking together 2 insulin receptors. This lectin lowers blood glucose concentrations by acting on peripheral tissues and, similar to insulin’s effects in the brain, suppressing appetite. This lectin is likely a major contributor to the hypoglycemic effect that develops after eating bitter melon and why it may be a way of managing adult-onset diabetes. Lectin binding is non-protein specific, and this is likely why bitter melon has been credited with immunostimulatory activity – by linking receptors that modulate the immune system, thereby stimulating said receptors.
Various cautions are indicated. The seeds contains vicine and therefore can trigger symptoms of favism in susceptible individuals. In addition, the red arils of the seeds are reported to be toxic to children, and the fruit is contraindicated during pregnancy.
See also
Multilingual list of Indian Vegetables, spices & grains
Gallery
at a small-scale organic farm
Flower
Female flower
Male flower
Flower
Flower
Flowers
Flower
Immature fruit
Fruit
Fruit
Ripe fruit
Dried seeds
References
^ a b http://www.gmanews.tv/story/35962/Ampalaya-tablets-out-soon-for-diabetics
^ http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6VRP-4S3PX1T-F&_user=1730128&_coverDate=03%2F21%2F2008&_rdoc=13&_fmt=summary&_orig=browse&_srch=doc-info(%23toc%236240%232008%23999849996%23683673%23FLA%23display%23Volume)&_cdi=6240&_sort=d&_docanchor=&_ct=16&_acct=C000054345&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=1730128&md5=f22536d9e1bb29082e6da6bba59eb127
^ “Antidiabetic and hypolipidemic effects of Momordica cymbalaria Hook. fruit powder in alloxan-diabetic rats”. J Ethnopharmacol.;():. 67 (1): 1039. October 1999. doi:10.1016/S0378-8741(99)00004-5. PMID 10616966 : 10616966.
^ “Antihyperglycemic effects of three extracts from Momordica charantia”. J Ethnopharmacol.;(): 88 (1): 10711. September 2003. doi:10.1016/S0378-8741(03)00184-3. PMID 12902059 : 12902059.
^ “Effect of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) on glycaemic status in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats”. Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 60 (3): 10912. September 2005. doi:10.1007/s11130-005-6837-x. PMID 16187012 : 16187012.
^ “Bitter gourd (Momordica Charantia): A dietary approach to hyperglycemia”. Nutr Rev. 64 (7 Pt 1): 3317. July 2006. PMID 16910221 : 16910221.
^ “Hypoglycemic activity of the fruit of the Momordica charantia in type 2 diabetic mice”. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo).;(): 47 (5): 3404. October 2001. PMID 11814149 : 11814149.
^ “About Herbs: Bitter Melon”. Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. http://www.mskcc.org/mskcc/html/69138.cfm. Retrieved 2007-12-27.
Abascal K, Yarnell E (2005) “Using bitter melon to treat diabetes” Altern Complemen Ther 11(4):179-184
H.K.Bakhru (1997). Foods that Heal. The Natural Way to Good Health. Orient Paperbacks. ISBN 81-222-0033-8.
Baldwa VS, Bhandari CM, Pangaria A, Goyal RK (1977) linical trial in patients with diabetes mellitus of an insulin-like compound obtained from plant source Upsala J Med Sci 82:39-41.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Momordica charantia
“An Acquired Taste.” Article about bittermelon in Hana Hou! Vol. 10, No. 1 (February/March 2007).
Rain-tree
Research on Bitter Melon and other vegetables as treatment for Diabetes / Glucose level reduction
ITIS report
Ampalaya (Momordica Charantia)
Ampalaya (Momordica charantia) Herb
The National Bitter Melon Council
Bitter Melon Studies
Detailed botanical description
Medical Uses
Ampalaya on Facebook
Bitter Melon Monograph by Harvard Medical School and Natural Standard Research Collaboration
Categories: Cucurbitaceae | Philippine ingredients | Flora of Pakistan | Flora of the Maldives | Fruit vegetables | Medicinal plants | Melons | Momordica | Okinawan cuisine | Vietnamese ingredientsHidden categories: Articles containing Chinese language text | Articles needing cleanup from September 2009 | All pages needing cleanup | Wikipedia laundry list cleanup
Excessive competition in China's competition in today's market economy has been common, especially in fast moving consumer goods industry. Excessive competition is bound to bring the vicious competition for the period of social harm. Sanlu Milk is not the case patients, does not appear there will be four Sanlu what deer as deer or physical manifestation of vicious competition. As long as there is excessive competition, you can not avoid the process of commercialization of the product, shoddy, or impurities, to little more than sufficient to substandard product off as qualified products, falsely to deceive buyers with shoddy products deceive consumers. Add to Sanlu Dairy Melamine Melamine Milk in China for the start of the case is typical of excessive competition as dairy case triggered vicious competition. Adding melamine from the wide range of dairy industry can explain the intensity of excessive competition. Although only Sanlu executives and people will be added directly to justice, but can not alter the industry's products in many enterprises, the facts contained excessive melamine. Tim has found melamine in dairy production enterprises would say that we deceived by unscrupulous profiteers, we are also victims. If they say the real situation is not unconscionable, it would be that they defined as "the founder of adding melamine people" should be well deserved.
They need to compete in the increasingly intense competition in particular, require large amounts of money to do marketing, the profits needed to survive, but all costs are impossible to compress the time or do not want compression, the only can be passed on, then is the production of compressed Raw material The purchase price, but when they receive less than Milk The true cost of raw materials, and meet the country's milk when the milk test, a normal thinking person can see that the milk is what? Or show? I think this milk is not a rush to have the problem of milk. When the company's purchase price and then down again and again, the melamine content of milk will increase again. Not sure this country has not done such statistics, market and low retail prices of dairy products and the proportion of adulteration were higher than the market retail prices of dairy products of high, I think the fact it should be. Also: the fierce competition milk melamine is added incentive, when existing fields dried up cows need milk, then milk them out, all for the competition. Therefore, the dairy industry in China and the melamine case there occurs not only trade management oversight of the problem, not just the interests of being blinded by the legal concept of indifference, but also to excessive dairy industry, the negative consequences of unhealthy competition. This is often overlooked, is the reason the surface cover. Excessive, vicious competition, there is the Sanlu milk case and the nature of the underlying causes.
Over the current competition is caused by human
In normal market conditions, there are two situations arise over competition. One is the oversupply, the total supply of the product more than the per capita consumption is the consumer market maturity. The other is the relative concentration of regional consumption, the total supply of products although far from per capita consumption, but the product does not focus on a wide range of regional flows, showed a surplus of products to regional phenomenon. Excess demand in China caused by excessive competition, the basic is the second case. Such as: milk, China's per capita consumption is far lower than developed countries, and China's dairy market competition and fierce; cities per capita income is much higher than small cities, big cities but lower than auto sales price small and medium cities, which is also the region's competitive performance; some of the same name drugs more expensive than the hospital pharmacy, the state you in private, this is a manifestation of intense competition; appliances in large and medium cities have achieved more than one power, in some families and even each who their favorite TV shows exclusive, which is household electrical appliance enterprises in the fierce competition in the big city results. This shows that business owners are willing to snatch good cake, divide mature consumer regional market, we flock to the bitter end of the coexistence of small consuming, intense competition, excessive competition, vicious competition inevitably produces.
Inevitable irregularities excessive competition In a small space to compete, intense and one can imagine, is not you die is what I live, Eight Immortals display their talents. The talents with technology, not technology, employing pulse; the scale of funds, not the size of the pressure cost; a strong brand trust, brand with no bragging.
May seek live anyway, not Italy have to have a small profit, excessive violations is the most labor-saving shortcut to the most direct way to make a policy and regulations of the edge ball seems to have become a safe and effective "wise strategy."
Read more on Sanlu milk case is a consequence of excessive competition…
Land
Roads
As of 2009, there are 50,214.6 km of paved roads (including 1,471.6 km of expressways) in Malaysia. As of 1999, there are also 15,942 km of unpaved roads.
Driving on the left hand side is compulsory since the introduction of motorcars in Federated Malay States on 1903 during British colonial era.
see also Malaysian Federal Roads system
see also Malaysian State Roads system
Expressways
see also Malaysian Expressway System
PLUS Expressway Berhad
Railways
Main articles: Keretapi Tanah Melayu and Rail transport in Malaysia
There are a total of 2000 km of rail tracks, of which, 207 km are electrified.
Waterways
Malaysia has 7,200 km of waterways, most of them rivers. Of this, 3200 km are in Peninsular Malaysia, while 1,500 km are in Sabah and Sarawak has 2,500 km. These figures are true as of year 2004.
Pipelines
As of 2004, Malaysia has 279 km of condensate, 5,049 km of gas, 1,841 km of oil and 114 km of refined products pipelines.
See also Peninsular Gas Pipeline
Ports and harbours
Shuttle boats ferry to the Melaka-Sumatra ferry (the big yellow boat) anchored offshore near Melaka
This is a list of Malaysian ports and harbours:
Bintulu
Kota Kinabalu
Kuantan
Kemaman
Kuching
Kudat
Labuan
Lahad Datu
Lumut
Miri
Pasir Gudang
George Town, Penang
Port Dickson
Port Klang
Sandakan
Sibu
Tanjung Berhala
Tanjung Kidurong
Tawau
Tanjung Pelepas
Ferry
Penang Ferry Service
Langkawi Ferry Service
Pangkor Ferry Service
Tioman Ferry Service
Labuan Ferry service
Tawau Ferry service
Miri Ferry service
Sandakan Ferry service
Marine merchantile
Total: 360 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 5,389,397 GRT/7,539,178 metric tons deadweight (DWT) by type: bulk 59, cargo 100, chemical tanker 38, container 66, liquefied gas 25, livestock carrier 1, passenger 2, petroleum tanker 56, roll on/roll off 5, vehicle carrier 8
Foreign-owned: China 1, Germany 2, Hong Kong 8, Indonesia 2, Japan 2, South Korea 1, Liberia 1, Monaco 1, Norway 1, Philippines 2, Singapore 81, Vietnam 1
registered in other countries: 75 (2009 est.)
Transportation within Kuala Lumpur
See:
Public transport in Kuala Lumpur
Transportation in Kuala Lumpur
Ampang Line
Kelana Jaya Line
Kuala Lumpur
KTM Komuter
Rawang-Seremban Line
Sentul-Port Klang Line
Sri Petaling Line
North-South Expressway there are 100,000 km of paved roads in Malaysia
Source
The World Factbook
See also
Malaysia
Public transport in Kuala Lumpur
Buses in Johor
Road signs in Malaysia
Puspakom
Vehicle registration plates of Malaysia
v d e
Transport by country
*-Countries spanning two continents are included in both the lists, # -Countries not recognised by the UN, -Territories or Special administrative regions
Africa
Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Cape Verde Central African Republic Ceuta Chad Comoros Cte d’Ivoire Democratic Republic of the Congo Djibouti Egypt* Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea-Bissau Kenya Lesotho Liberia Libya Madagascar Madeira Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Mayotte Melilla Morocco Mozambique Namibia Niger Nigeria Republic of the Congo Runion Rwanda Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha So Tom and Prncipe Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone Somalia South Africa Sudan Swaziland Tanzania Togo Tunisia Uganda Western Sahara Zambia Zimbabwe
Asia
Afghanistan Akrotiri and Dhekelia* Armenia* Azerbaijan* Bahrain Bangladesh Bhutan British Indian Ocean Territory Brunei Burma(Myanmar) Cambodia People’s Republic of China Christmas Island Cocos (Keeling) Islands Cyprus* Egypt* Georgia* Hong Kong (China) Republic of India Indonesia* Iran Iraq Israel Japan Jordan Kazakhstan* Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Laos Lebanon Macau (China) Malaysia Maldives Mongolia Nagorno-Karabakh Republic*# Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal North Korea Northern Cyprus*# Oman Pakistan State of Palestine Philippines Qatar Russia* Saudi Arabia Singapore South Korea Sri Lanka Syria Taiwan (Republic of China)# Tajikistan Thailand Timor-Leste (East Timor)* Turkey* Turkmenistan United Arab Emirates Uzbekistan Vietnam Yemen
Europe
land Islands Akrotiri and Dhekelia* Albania Andorra Armenia* Austria Azerbaijan* Belarus Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus* Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Faroe Islands Finland France Georgia* Germany Gibraltar Greece Guernsey Hungary Iceland Ireland Isle of Man Italy Jersey Kazakhstan* Latvia Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Macedonia Malta Monaco Moldova Montenegro Nagorno-Karabakh Republic* Netherlands Northern Cyprus*# Kingdom of Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russia* San Marino Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey* Ukraine United Kingdom Vatican City
Oceania
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North America
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1 Sometimes included in Europe, depending on the border definitions. 2 Officially known as Myanmar. 3 Sometimes included in Oceania, and also known as Timor-Leste. 4 Transcontinental country. 5 Commonly known as Taiwan.
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Demonstration
Place a wooden block near one end of a long wooden board. Leaving the far end of the board on the floor, lift the end with the block until the slope of the board is sufficient for the block to begin sliding downward without being pushed. Then lower the board slightly.
Placing the block again at the top, it will not begin to slide on its own. However, it will begin and continue to slide if given a small initial push. The push adds the necessary force to overcome stiction. Once the block is moving, it no longer requires the larger force.
Automobiles
Stiction is also the same threshold at which a rolling object would begin to slide over a surface rather than rolling at the expected rate (and in the case of a wheel, in the expected direction). In this case, it’s called “rolling friction” or r.
This is why driver training courses teach that if a car begins to slide sideways, the driver should try to steer in the same direction as the slide with no brakes. It gives the wheels a chance to regain static contact by rolling, which gives the driver some control again. An overenthusiastic driver may “squeal” the driving wheels trying to get a rapid start but this impressive display of noise and smoke is less effective than maintaining static contact with the road. Many stunt-driving techniques are also done by deliberately breaking and/or regaining this rolling friction.
A car on a slippery surface can slide a long way if the driver “locks” the wheels in stationary positions by pressing hard on the brakes. Anti-lock braking systems use wheel speed sensors and vehicle speed sensors to determine if any of the wheels have stopped turning. The ABS Module then briefly releases pressure to that wheel to allow the wheel to begin turning again. Anti-lock brakes can be much more effective than cadence braking which is essentially a non-automatic technique for doing the same thing.
Examples
Surface micromachining (Microelectromechanical systems fabrication)
Stiction or adhesion between the substrate (usually silicon based) and the microstructure occurs during the isotropic wet etching of the sacrificial layer. The capillary forces due to the surface tension of the liquid between the microstructure and substrate during drying of the wet etchant cause the two surfaces to adhere together. Separating the two surfaces is often complicated due to the fragile nature of the microstructure. Stiction is often circumvented by the use of a sublimating fluid ( often supercritical CO2) which has extremely low surface tension) drying process where the liquid phase is bypassed. CO2 displaces the rinsing fluid and is heated past the supercritical point. As the chamber pressure is slowly released the CO2 sublimates thereby preventing stiction.
Hard disk drives
In the context of hard disk drives, stiction refers to the tendency of read/write heads to stick to the platters. Stiction is a complex and not very well understood phenomenon of hard disks. Stiction most likely occurs as a result of two properties of the platters, smoothness and magnetic forces. Once the heads have stuck to the platters, the disk will be prevented from spinning up and can cause physical damage to the media. Other forces considered as responsible for stiction include electrostatic forces and adhesion from the inherent stickiness of silicon.[citation needed]
In the early models of hard disk drives stiction was known to cause read/write heads to stick the platters of the hard drive due to the breakdown of lubricants used to coat the platters. During the late 1980s and early 1990s as the size of hard drive platters decreased from the older 8″ and 5.25″ sizes to 3.5″ and smaller, manufacturers continued to use the same calendering processes and lubricants used on the older, larger drives. The much tighter space caused much higher internal operating temperatures in these newer smaller drives, often leading to an accelerated breakdown of the surface lubricants into their much stickier components. When the drive was powered off and would cool down(say at the end of the day when a user went home and shut off their PC), these now-broken-down lubricants would become quite viscous and sticky, sometimes causing the read/write heads to literally stick to the platter. The common solution to this problem was the counter-intuitive move of taking the affected drive out of the host system, striking it gently, but firmly on the side against a desk or something as laterally as possible and then re-install it in the host system. This would break the heads free of the goop long enough to power the system back on, have the drive spin up and recover whatever data could be retrieved off it. While the data was retrieved, the machine would be left on constantly so that the heat from the drive’s internals would keep the decaying lubricants in a liquid state.
Modern hard drives have mostly solved the stiction problem by using ramps to “unload” the heads from the disk surface on power-down. These ramps ensure the heads are not touching the platters, which not only prevents stiction but also keeps abrasion from kicking up microscopic particulates that can later contaminate the drive mechanism. Parking the heads in this manner also allows the voice coil actuator to be shut down to save power, so the heads are also frequently unloaded when the drive is idle.
Digital storage tapes
Stiction may also manifest itself on computer tapes (9 track tape etc). The magnetic surface of the tape would be heated against the read head in the tape deck, and when the tape stopped moving would cool slightly and “glue” onto the read head. This could be avoided by configuring the software so that the tape could be read continuously. Discussion by data recovery firm
Amateur astronomy
Additionally, the term has come into use in amateur astronomy circles to describe a characteristic of Dobsonian style Altazimuth mounts. These mounts can resist initial movement by the user, making it difficult to track an object in the sky. Breaking this resistance requires enough force to cause the observer to overshoot the object.
Stereolithography
Typically the phenomenon occurs when reen epoxy photopolymer components are left in direct contact with each other. If left long enough it appears that ross-linking of the polymer takes place in the region of contact. This effectively elds or more appropriately lues the parts together. This issue can have a significant impact on models where testing of kinematics are required. To avoid stiction in stereolithography clean and more importantly ully cure all geometry prior to assembly.
Game show
In the TV Series Takeshi’s Castle, contestants must run over numerous rollers to reach the other side without falling. Depending on the athlete’s balance and weight, some are able to scale across without creating too much rolling movement, whilst others break the stiction point, create the rolling motion, and fall early on.
See also
Blish lock
Categories: PhysicsHidden categories: Articles lacking sources from January 2007 | All articles lacking sources | Wikipedia articles needing style editing from December 2007 | All articles needing style editing | All articles with unsourced statements | Articles with unsourced statements from April 2008
When a person is in a financial mess and is unable to meet his debts, then he may need the services of a bankruptcy lawyer. In the United States, the Bankruptcy Law, which is a federal statutory law, governs bankruptcy. It is, therefore, important that the bankrupt person selects the right bankruptcy attorney. Here are a few tips on how to go about selecting a bankruptcy attorney:
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Bamboo its modest character, tenacity unyielding integrity with China traditional aesthetic taste ethics consciousness fit was personified summarizes sublimation became life character and sentiment, entrusted such noble integrity, unchangeable conduct and pliable, filial Yoshitomo Confucian spirit become China Confucian culture basic spirit symbol also become Chinese nation character, endowments and aesthetics spirit symbol.
Bamboo "Elegance"
World particular is literati love bamboo, Mu bamboo, species bamboo to bamboo Friends. They live in bamboo, Chuk Yuen Lane, or bamboo compares himself quality integrity, or bamboo allegory others sensible, or bamboo lyric. Song Su Shi "prefer food no meat not home without bamboo; no meat makes thin, without bamboo makes vulgar. People thin can still fertilizer, disabilities vulgar not Medical." Qing Painter Zheng Banqiao bamboo lyrical Yan Zhi: "insist Aoyama not relax, rooted original in broken Cliff in. Thousand grinding million hit also Caine Jin, Ren Seoul Four winds."
Terminal Product Design: fashion Women, white collar uniforms, embody modern women elegance side.
Bamboo "Emotion"
Bamboo word is picture text, by two pictographic Bamboo Leaves "?" word composed. Two "" non separation symbolize unity, symbolic love faithful, couples happiness, especially in south Wedding Custom put bamboo as auspicious objects use, such use bamboo tore up bride hijab, carry bamboo palanquin, send Zhushan ??. Description Love also common "Oh, Liangxiaowucai" words. Li Bai "Chang Gan Xing" poem: "Lang Bamboo Horses to, around bed Alley Ome; cohabitation long dry ri, two small no suspected guess." Liu Yuxi "Xiaoxiang God" China "owner sticks, owner sticks, tears little Send Acacia" . There Xiangfei Zhu legend, leaving owner become faithful love symbol.
Terminal Product Design: couple shirt printed owner wallet, accessories there newlywed bedding Valentine ornaments etc..
Bamboo "ceremony"
Confucian Ritual, Xiaoyi else. Legend Three Kingdoms, Guo-Jiang Wu Xia Renmeng were famous filial he and mother Xiangyiweiming. Year winter Meng Mu sick bed accidental mentioned eat bamboo shoots do soup, Meng of complaints Saddled hoe to Chuk Yuen find bamboo shoots. However frozen simply no bamboo shoots shadow, Meng Zong anxious shed some tears. This time earth snow been Meng cases tears melted a large, just patch of snow been melted ground, dew a small Sunjian. This is winter bamboo shoots origin legends. Thus, winter bamboo shoots aka filial shoots. Grow winter bamboo shoots bamboo, also called Moso. Japan from China introduction Moso also been called Moso.
Terminal Product Design: gave elderly, elders underwear, functional clothing, leisure garment, printed bamboo patterns, embody a filial.
Bamboo "Miriam"
In natural things in bamboo to which merely embodies Festival, bend without folding, senior cadres Sen Xiao, tenacious upstanding unique attribute, caters Confucian "righteousness" rationale became upright unyielding, sterling integrity symbol. "Confucius" said: "Shannan s bamboo, not stroke self straight, Tsam while as arrow, injective while up." This is Confucians advise people to like bamboo as, upright, strong, ideal. Descendants will pine, bamboo, plum collectively "Suihan Sanyou", said plum, orchid, bamboo, chrysanthemum as "Sijunzi."
Terminal product design: China is Liyizhibang, bamboo fiber do tourism T shirts, printed Guandi poetry bamboo picture, not only embodied its Jhongyi can also feel Chinese Bamboo culture profound connotation. 2008 borrow Olympic Dongfeng will independent innovation bamboo fiber together with Bamboo cultural together dedication to countries guests let bamboo fiber go abroad corners world.
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Recently, the International Cotton Advisory Committee (ICAC) released in April forecast that global production and demand, 2010/11 world cotton production will resume growth.
2010/11, world cotton planting area is estimated at 32.6 million hectares, an increase of 8%, however, still not more than 33 million hectares of the nearly 30-year average. U.S. cotton planting area expected to be 4.3 million hectares, up 15%, harvested area is expected to 3.9 million hectares, an increase of 24%. China, India and Pakistan's cotton growing area of growth is limited. In addition, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Brazil, Zimbabwe, Egypt, Greece and other countries in the area will increase.
If normal weather this year, global cotton average yield is estimated at 759 kg / ha, an increase of 4%, and average over the past five years flat. Global cotton production is estimated at 24.74 million tons, up 12.25%, of which U.S. production is expected to increase by almost 1 million tons, India and China, production is expected to increase by 40 million tons each. Output growth is expected to more than 100,000 tons of the country are in Pakistan, Brazil, Uzbekistan, Turkey and Australia.
2010/11, world cotton consumption is estimated at 24.57 million tons, up 2.03%, mainly driven by economic recovery, but high cotton prices will restrain demand for cotton. Global cotton imports are expected to slightly increase to 7.58 million tons, of which China imports 242 million tons, up 21%. However, Turkey, Pakistan and Mexico, increased output, imports decreased. U.S. cotton exports are forecast to 2.77 million tons, up 6.54%; India's cotton exports are expected to reduce to 1.18 million tons. Global ending stocks are projected at 10.5 million tons, up 1.65%.
ICAC forecast 2009/10 average test Truck A index is 75 cents, up 23% year on year, 95% CI 71-80 cents. 2010/11 examination Truck A index was 82 cents, up 9% year on year, 95% CI 70-96 cents. However, there are still many uncertain factors in the commodity market, the price drop is still significant risk. Taking into account this factor, the actual fluctuations in the price range should be 70-82 cents.
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